We develop an approach to utilize anisotropic metamaterials to solve one of the fundamental problems of modern plasmonics--parasitic scattering of surface waves into free-space modes, opening the road to truly two-dimensional plasmonic optics. We illustrate the developed formalism on the examples of plasmonic refractor and plasmonic crystal, and discuss limitations of the developed technique an...

This note summarizes the meteorological implications of airborne optical imaging through the tropopause, with specific reference to a series of experiments in New Zealand in September 1971. The general characteristics of the tropopause and lower stratosphere are discussed as they relate to optical propagation. Specific meteorological data pertaining to the experimental flights are presented and...

We present a climatological model of the extinction coefficient of stratospheric aerosols in the UV-visible range based on SAGE II data. The model is a function of wavelength, latitude, relative altitude with respect to the tropopause and depends on the volcanism level. The vertical structure describes the tropopause region, the Junge layer and the high altitude domain. The model is shown to pr...

Very short-lived brominated substances (VSLBr) are an important source of stratospheric bromine, an effective ozone destruction catalyst. However, the accurate estimation of the organic and inorganic partitioning of bromine and the input to the stratosphere remains uncertain. Here, we report near-tropopause measurements of organic brominated substances found over the tropical Pacific during the...

[1] The signature of the stratospheric Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC) in tropospheric cloudiness is investigated in CloudSat and CALIPSO data from June 2006 through April 2011. During the Northern Hemisphere winter, periods of enhanced stratospheric wave driving are associated with increased cloud incidence in the tropical tropopause transition layer (TTL) juxtaposed against decreased cloud in...

Title of Dissertation: THE EFFECT OF DEEP CONVECTION ON TEMPERATURES IN THE TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE LAYER AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO THE REGULATION OF TOROPICAL LOWER STRATOSPHERIC HUMIDITY Hyun Cheol Kim, Doctor of Philosophy, 2005 Dissertation directed by: Dr. Andrew E. Dessler Department of Meteorology This dissertation focuses on the impact of deep convection on the thermal structure in the Tropic...

This paper presents a series of dynamical states using an idealized three-dimensional general circulation model with gray radiation and latent heat release. Beginning with the case of radiative–convective equilibrium, an eddy-free two-dimensional state with zonally symmetric flow is developed, followed by a threedimensional state that includes baroclinic eddy fluxes. In both dry and moist cases...

We present measurements of NO, NOy, O3, and N2O within the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) over Europe obtained during the SPURT project. The measurements cover all seasons between November 2001 and July 2003. They span a broad band of latitudes from 30 N to 75 N and a potential temperature range from 290 to 380 K. The measurements represent a comprehensive data set of these tracers and reveal atm...

Tapio Schneider Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University Isaac M. Held Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, NOAA Introduction. The static stability @z  and the meridional gradient @y  of the longitudinally averaged potential temperature  both play prominent roles in theories for baroclinic eddy uxes (Stone 1972; Green 1970). Despite much ongoing work, there is still n...

The possibility that the tropopause could be lower during an ice-age cooling leads to an examination of the general sensitivity of global circulations to the tropopause height by altering a constant stratospheric temperature Ts in calculations with a dry, global, multilevel, spectral, primitive equation model subject to a simple Newtonian heating function. In general, lowering the tropopause by...