Competitive pressures and the speed of technological development have reduced the length of the typical product lifecycle in many markets to a matter of months. In addition to predicting sales of mature products, forecasting effectively in such markets entails addressing the transitional phases of a product’s life—the periods after introduction and prior to phase-out. Unfortunately, the sales p...

The notion of procuring computer services from a utility, much the way we get water and electricity and phone service, is not new. The idea at the center of the public utility trend in computer services is to allow firms to focus less on administering and supporting their information technology and more on running their business. Supernets and their implementation as hardware devices (snHubs) a...

Euclid’s method for finding the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two integers was first described around the year 300 B.C. This simple iterative method is often regarded as the grandfather of all algorithms in Number Theory today. Many advances have been made since then—for example, Berlekamp’s algorithm for multiplicative inverse and Montgomery’s technique for modular multiplication. These bin...

This paper describes the design and implementation of the PEVM, a new scalable, high-performance implementation of orthogonal persistence for the JavaTM platform (OPJ). The PEVM is based on the Sun Microsystems Laboratories Virtual Machine for Research (ResearchVM), which features an optimizing Just-In-Time compiler, exact generational garbage collection, and fast thread synchronization. It als...

The Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE) is established as the standard platform for hosting enterprise applications written in the Java programming language. Similar to an operating system, a J2EE server can host multiple applications, but this is rarely seen in practice due to limitations on scalability, weak inter-application isolation and inadequate resource management facilities in t...

This paper describes how a network can continue to function in the presence of Byzantine failures. A Byzantine failure is one in which a node, instead of halting (as it would in a fail-stop failure), continues to operate, but incorrectly. It might lie about routing information, perform the routing algorithm itself flawlessly, but then fail to forward some class of packets correctly, or flood th...

We implemented orthogonal persistence for the Java platform by adding persistent object caching to a high-performance virtual machine that uses exact garbage collection, the Sun Microsystems Laboratories Virtual Machine for Research (‘‘ResearchVM’’).1 This paper gives an overview of our design for the read and write barriers needed to support persistence. The key design decision we made was the...

Firms spend considerable efforts to build brand awareness and associations among consumers. Yet there is a limited understanding of the financial returns of such investments. In this article, the authors present a framework that uses trademarks as measures of firms’ branding efforts. They classify trademarks into two categories—brandidentification trademarks and brand-association trademarks—and...

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Today, the number of registered trademarks is huge and is increasing rapidly. Thus, the job of identifying infringement of trademarks by solely using manual inspection is tiring, laborious and time consuming. To cope with the tremendous amount of available registered trademarks and to protect the infringement of trademarks, a new automatic and efficient trademark retrieval system is necessary a...