axial flux permanent magnet (afpm) machines are attractive candidates for electric vehicles (evs) applications due to their axial compact structure, high efficiency, high power and torque density. this paper presents general design characteristics of afpm machines. moreover, torque density of the machine which is selected as main objective function, is enhanced by using genetic algorithm (ga) a...

BACKGROUND Implants have been widely used to restore missing teeth. Limited information on applied anatomy at the anterior maxilla compromises the clinical outcome for implant placement in this region. In the current study, Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) was used to measure alveolar ridge and buccal undercut dimension at the anterior maxilla to help develop treatment planning for imme...

Oral examination of two guinea pigs revealed that the unilateral incisor was absent. On radiographic examination, the incisor was identified within the nasal cavity in both patients. Under anesthesia in both patients, the skin was incised from the nostril to 1.5 cm proximal, and the premaxilla and part of the maxilla were exposed. The bone was removed using a surgical drill, and the incisor was...

This retrospective study was carried out on consecutively collected dental casts, x-rays, and photos of 129 Swedish children who had been born with non-syndromic unilateral (U) cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and alveolus (CLA), or cleft lip and palate (CLP). The following dental characteristics were investigated in the primary and permanent dentitions: 1. the presence, eruption, position, and shape ...

Severely impacted and dilacerated incisors are rarely considered for surgical exposure because they may not respond favorably to orthodontic extrusion. These incisors are often extracted, resulting in the need for tooth replacement; however, prosthetic solutions are limited in growing patients. Transalveolar autotransplantation of an impacted incisor may be the only method to preserve the natur...

Changes in incisor inclination and position in both jaws of children during the first 5 years after adenoidectomy were studied. The main change is a significant increased labial inclination of the incisors for the adenoidectomy groups. All variables that measure the labiolingual position of the mandibular incisors confirm a significant labial incisor positioning for both sexes. Stepwise regress...

INTRODUCTION Many researchers have examined the prevalence of dental injuries in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and incidence of incisor trauma in subjects who participated in a randomized clinical trial designed to investigate early growth modifications in the treatment of Class II malocclusion. METHODS The subjects were randomized to 3 trea...

This report describes the surgical repositioning of a developing maxillary permanent central incisor in a horizontal position, followed by spontaneous eruption and root formation without orthodontic traction. Surgical exposure of the right central incisor was achieved. A 7-year-old boy referred for orthodontic consultation. Radiographic examination showed the crown of a maxillary right central ...