a nulliparous non-descript mare was presented with a complaint of dystocia. the mare was recumbent and physical examination revealed that the animal was in shock. there was no straining and foetal forelimbs were visible outside the vulva. the foetus was dead as there was no pedal reflex. vaginal examination revealed anterior presentation with dorso-sacral position and rigid lateral head deviati...

BACKGROUND The role of minimally invasive surgery in Graves' disease is still controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing minimal-incision thyroidectomy with those undergoing conventional thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. METHODS A prospective study was performed on 148 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. Seventy-one patients underwen...

OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the advantages of an inguinal incision in extracting the kidney during retroperitoneal laparoscopic live-donor nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS From May 2008 to June 2011, fifty-eight cases of retroperitoneal live-donor nephrectomy were performed at our hospital; all data were analyzed retrospectively. All donors were grouped in a test group (n=32, inguinal ...

BACKGROUND The descriptions of the optimal method for placing a cervical collar incision for thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy are varied. It has been our impression that a collar incision marked in the neutral upright neck, migrates superiorly relative to the sternal notch when the patient is placed in the supine position. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of this impressi...

introduction : open rhinoplasty is very common now a days and the number of candidate for this type of surgery are increasing. this research was conducted regarding to the prevalence of rhinoplasty surgery , the importance of the residual scar analyze including columellar scar after surgery, different results caused by the effect of incision type in this surgery and lack of enough data and expe...

PURPOSE The intraumbilical incision is being used more frequently, with increasing cases of single incision laparoscopic surgery. Since the umbilicus is deeper than the surrounding wall, it has abundant bacteria. No study has compared the adverse outcomes of periumbilical and intraumbilical incisions. We analyzed the wound complication rates of perforated appendicitis patients according to the ...

BACKGROUND Conservative surgical treatment has been the treatment of choice for early breast cancer. It allows feasible oncological treatment with a satisfactory cosmetic approach and fast recovery. However, in some cases mastectomy is necessary. This study proposes a surgical approach with only one surgical access through the same incision, which is in line with precepts mentioned abov...

PURPOSE To report a case series of 4 patients with Descemet membrane detachment (DMD) after undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery incisions. METHODS Case report. RESULTS DMD was noted at the secondary incision (n = 2) or at the main incision (n = 2). All the secondary incision and 1 main incision DMD were resolved with intraoperative maneuvers. Delay in recognizing DMD intr...

Pseudocoloring o f gray level information is a technique for introducing false colore in a black-and-white transparency. The importance of this operation is based on the human eye’s ability to distinguish different colore better than gray levels. In the last few years several pseudocoloring optical methods have been proposed.1-10 Furthermore, the pseudocoloring technique has been extended to en...

conclusion we suggest the standard cefazolin prophylaxis (after cord clamping) for elective cesarean section and cefazolin before incision for non elective cesarean section. therefore, administration of prophylactic cefazolin prior to incision will not increase the rate of neonatal sepsis. compared between these groups. results two groups were demographically identical. rate of iv line need (rr...