BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether HIV-1 prevalence among antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees in Cambodia provided a reasonable estimate of HIV-1 prevalence among all women 15-49 years. METHODS Antenatal clinic attendees in five HIV sentinel surveillance sites (five provinces) were selected by consecutive sampling (n = 1695). The population survey of females by household ...

Background: Some studies reported similar effect estimates for the impact of maternal smoking in pregnancy and paternal smoking on childhood obesity, whereas others suggested higher effects for maternal smoking. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the effect of in utero exposure to maternal smoking and that of paternal or household smoking exposure in utero or after birth with mutual adjust...

background: little attention has been given to the relationship between work-life balance and sickness absence. objective: to investigate the association between poor work-life balance and sickness absence in 4 nordic welfare states. methods: multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed on pooled cross-sectional data of workers aged 15–65 years from denmark, finland, sweden, and nor...

Abstract Objective To analyze the factors associated with sedentary behavior in older adults. Method A cross-sectional study of data from 2019 National Health Survey involving 22,728 Brazilian adults was conducted. The outcome and exposures included sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, household characteristics chronic diseases. Multiple logistic regression used. a significance level 5%...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in young urban children in Auckland, New Zealand, where there is no routine vitamin D supplementation. DESIGN A random sample of urban children. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <27.5 nmol/l (<11 ng/ml). Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios and, from these, ...

BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common herpesvirus linked to infectious mononucleosis and multiple cancers. There are no national estimates of EBV seroprevalence in the United States. Our objective was to estimate the overall prevalence and sociodemographic predictors of EBV among U.S. children and adolescents aged 6-19. METHODS We calculated prevalence estimates and prevalence ratio...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of usage, unsafe practices and risk perception regarding household pesticides in a rural community of Tamil Nadu, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional survey we used a pre-tested questionnaire and trained interviewers to collect information on household pesticide use for the past 6 months from any adult member of randomly selected households. ...

background: screening rates for colorectal cancer (crc) are increasing nationwide including tennessee (tn); however, their up‑to‑date status is unknown. the objective of this study is to determine the trends and characteristics of tn adults who are up‑to‑date status with crc screening during 2002‑2008. methods: we examined data from the tn behavioral risk factor surveillance system for 2002, 20...

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of acute bronchitis, rhinitis, and sinusitis among children and adolescents and identify associated factors. METHODS This is a population-based, cross-sectional study. A household survey was conducted with 1,185 children and adolescents from the city of São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil), from 2008 to 2009. The participants were selected by means of probability...