OBJECTIVES To conduct a systematic review of strategies to optimize immunisation uptake within preschool children in developed countries. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING Developed countries PARTICIPANTS Preschool children who were due, or overdue, one or more of their routine primary immunisations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Increase in the proportion of the target population up to date wi...

demographic characteristics of New Zealand infants in the first 6 months of life. J Paediatr Child Health 1993;29:379-383. 132. Bell DW, Ford RP, Slade B, et al: Immunisation coverage in Christchurch in a birth cohort. Christchurch Immunisation Coordination Committee. N Z Med J 1997;110:440-442. 133. McNicholas A, Baker M. Immunisation coverage in New Zealand: ongoing surveillance using benefit...

For the past 20 years, New Zealand has experienced low immunisation coverage levels. Following the introduction of the National Immunisation Register (NIR) in 2005 many practitioners envisaged improved overall immunisation uptake through enhanced surveillance and monitoring capacities. This study aimed to investigate the geographical distribution and variables associated with disparities in imm...

Maternal immunisation has the potential to substantially reduce morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases after birth. The success of tetanus, influenza, and pertussis immunisation during pregnancy has led to consideration of additional maternal immunisation strategies to prevent group B streptococcus and respiratory syncytial virus infections, among others. However, many gaps in knowled...

OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of giving patients a handout about tetanus immunisation on the rate of immunisation against tetanus among adults in a general practice. DESIGN Monthly tetanus immunisation rates were audited before and after the handout was introduced. SETTING A practice with six doctors and a list of 11,000 patients in an urban area of Hertfordshire. INTERVENTIONS In the...

The uptakes of immunisation in the district health authorities in England were studied for the years 1983-5. Multiple regression analysis showed that the factors significantly associated with a low uptake of immunisation were mainly related to social conditions, particularly overcrowding of households and population density. Of the service factors, high proportions of elderly and singlehanded g...

Review of all 126 children admitted to the communicable diseases unit with whooping cough during the epidemic in 1978 showed that two had received two doses of triple vaccine and only one had had full primary immunisation against the disease. None of these three children suffered complications of the disease. Of the 123 children who had not been immunised against pertussis, however, 66 had had ...

BACKGROUND There is ongoing conjecture over whether childhood immunisation leads to an increased risk of developing atopic diseases. OBJECTIVE To examine associations between childhood immunisation and the risk of atopic disease. METHOD Immunisation histories of 8443 Tasmanian children born in 1961 obtained from school medical records were linked to the Tasmanian Asthma Study. Associations ...

Understanding the mechanisms that maintain protective antibody levels after immunisation is important for vaccine design. In this study, we have determined the kinetics of plasma and memory B cells detectable in the blood of cattle immunised with model T-dependent or T-independent antigens. Immunisation with the T-D antigen resulted in an expansion of TNP-specific plasma cells post-TNP primary ...

OBJECTIVES To quantify missed opportunities for immunisation, document reasons for their occurrence and evaluate the extent of inappropriately given vaccine doses. DESIGN A cross sectional study of children under two years of age attending health facilities. SETTING Six health facilities predominantly serving the slums of Nairobi. METHODOLOGY Information on vaccination was extracted from ...