Xenograft recipients produce large amounts of high-affinity anti-Gal IgG in response to Galalpha1-3Galbeta1- 4GlcNAc-R (alpha-gal) epitopes on the graft. In contrast, ABO-mismatched allograft recipients undergo "accommodation," a state of very weak immune response to ABO antigens. These differences in anti-carbohydrate immune response were studied in alpha1,3galactosyltransferase knock-out mice...

the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cottonseed meal (csm) treated with sodium bentonite (sb) on certain blood components and immune response of laying hens. a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement with 3 levels of sb (0, 10, and 20 g/kg of diet) and 3 levels of csm (0, 100 and 200 g/kg of diet) were used within 9 dietary treatments of 4 replicates each. nine mash diets were fed to ...

OBJECTIVE The declined immune response to infection causes significant higher morbidity and mortality in aging in spite of the coexisted hyperimmunoglobulinemia (HIG). This study is to reveal the cellular basis of HIG and mechanism of weakened HA-specific IgG response in aged mice and to test cell therapy in the treatment of age-related IgG antibody production deficiency with immunocyte adoptiv...

Anti-D is routinely and effectively used to prevent hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by the antibody response to the D antigen on fetal RBCs. Anti-D is a polyclonal IgG product purified from the plasma of D-alloimmunized individuals. The mechanism of anti-D has not been fully elucidated. Antigenic epitopes are not fully masked by anti-D and are available for immune syste...

Simian foamy virus (SFV) infection and the subsequent immune response are not well characterized. Blood plasma, saliva, and urine were obtained from four humans and nine chimpanzees persistently infected with chimpanzee-type SFV for an unknown length of time. SFV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, but not IgA antibodies, against the Gag and Bet proteins were detected, by Western blotti...

The immune response against murine IgG2a immunoglobulin was studied in 42 gastrointestinal cancer patients treated with mouse monoclonal antibodies. IgM, IgA, and all 4 IgG subclasses directed against mouse immunoglobulin were studied. Thirty of 42 patients developed an anti-mouse response of IgG isotype, often associated with IgM and IgA specific for mouse monoclonal antibodies circulating in ...

Pigs infected with T. spiralis and T. britovi were followed by double (IgG) and triple antibody ELISA (IgG1, IgG2 and IgM) during a 12-week-period. Specific IgG and IgG1 responses were similar and showed a significant relation with the infecting doses and intensity of infection. Response to T. britovi was slightly lower than in groups infected with the same dose of T. spiralis. IgG2 response wa...

We investigated the adjuvant effect of cholera toxin (CT) on the intestinal and systemic immune systems of chickens. The CT was given orally, mixed with a non-replicating antigen, a recombinant Eimeria protein, IPEI, or with a replicating one, Eimeria tenella parasite. There were increases in the specific IgA and IgG responses to the recombinant protein IPEI, with a significant anti-1PE1 IgG re...

objective(s): soluble leishmania antigens (sla) provide suitable protection against leishmaniasis in murine model when delivered by an appropriate delivery system. liposomes have been shown to be suitable vaccine delivery systems against leishmaniasis, however, the phospholipase-a (pla) activity of sla is a drawback to prepare a stable liposomal sla. one strategy to overcome this problem might ...

Nasal vaccine delivery is superior to oral delivery in inducing specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG antibody responses in the upper respiratory tract. Although an antibody response in the nasal passages is important in protecting against primary colonization with lung pathogens, antibodies in the lungs are usually required as well. We immunized 15 male volunteers twice nasally or orally wit...