OBJECTIVES To assess the knowledge and behaviour of researchers regarding criteria for authorship, and the practices of ghost and gift authorship. DESIGN Semidirective interviews of senior clinical researchers. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-nine main investigators of clinical research programmes. MAIN MEASUREMENTS Awareness and use of International Committee of Medica...

  This paper proposes two relax and fix heuristics for the simultaneous lot sizing and sequencing problem in permutation flow shops involving sequence-dependent setups and capacity constraints. To evaluate the effectiveness of mentioned heuristics, two lower bounds are developed and compared against the optimal solution. The results of heuristics are compared with the selected lower bound .

• Our classifiers perform better when the flows are generated using shorter timeout values, which contradicts the common assumption of using 600 ms as timeout duration. • Future work: we plan to expand our work to other applications and types of encrypted traffic, and to further study the application of time-based features to characterize encrypted traffic. FEATURE DESCRIPTION dura&on Dura&on o...

In this paper the problem of serial batch scheduling in a two-stage hybrid flow shop environment with minimizing Makesapn is investigated. In serial batching it is assumed that jobs in a batch are processed serially, and their completion time is defined to be equal to the finishing time of the last job in the batch. The analysis and implementation of the prohibited transference of jobs among th...

In this paper the problem of serial batch scheduling in a two-stage hybrid flow shop environment with minimizing Makesapn is studied. In serial batching it is assumed that jobs in a batch are processed serially, and their completion time is defined to be equal to the finishing time of the last job in the batch. The analysis and implementation of the prohibited transference of jobs among the mac...

An integrated distributed learning environment (IDLE) is proposed based on two designing frameworks: learning activities and instructional strategies. The proposed IDLE consists of four components: (1) online courseware, (2) virtual classroom, (3) instructional management, and (4) tools. In addition to system components, the installation of two types of instructional personnel is also suggested...

Global warming and climate change are threatening life on earth. These changes due to human activities resulting in the emission of greenhouse gases. This is caused by intensive industrial excessive fuel energy consumption. Recently, scheduling production systems has been judged be an effective way reduce field green scheduling, which aims allocate jobs machines order minimize total costs, with...

awareness of the level of river flow and its fluctuations at different times is one of the significant factor to achieve sustainable development for water resource issues. therefore, the present study two hybrid models, wavelet- adaptive neural fuzzy interference system (wanfis) and wavelet- artificial neural network (wann) are used for flow prediction of gamasyab river (nahavand, hamedan, iran...

In this paper, the problem of two-machine flow shop scheduling to minimize total energy costs under time-of-use tariffs is investigated. As the objective function of this study is not a regular measure, allowing intentional idle-time can be advantageous. So this study considers two approaches, one for non-delay version of the problem and the other one for a situation when inserting intentional ...