Hájek (Erkenntnis 70(2):211–235, 2009) argues that probabilities cannot be the limits of relative frequencies in counterfactual infinite sequences. I argue for a different understanding these limits, drawing on Norton’s (Philos Sci 79(2):207–232, 2012) distinction between approximations (inexact descriptions target) and idealizations (separate models bear analogies to target). Then, adapt Hájek...

We present the results of a search for new particles decaying to tau pairs, using data corresponding to integrated luminosity 195 pb collected with the CDF detector of the Tevatron. Hypothetical particles, such as and MSSM Higgs boson A can potentially produce such pairs. We discuss the methods of tau identification, and show the signal acceptance versus new particle mass. The low-mass region, ...

Our goal is to study the effects of the UV radiation from the first stars, quasars and hypothetical Super Heavy Dark Matter (SHDM) particle decays on the formation of primordial bound objects in the Universe. We trace the evolution of a spherically symmetric density perturbation in the Lambda Cold Dark Matter and MOND model, solving the frequencydependent radiative transfer equation, non-equili...

We study the production cross sections for squarks and gluinos in collision of longitudinally polarized hadrons. The corresponding polarized partonic cross sections are computed in leading order supersymmetric QCD. The resulting asymmetries are evaluated for the polarized proton collider RHIC, as well as for hypothetical polarized options of the Tevatron and the LHC. These asymmetries turn out ...

Maxwell's demon is a hypothetical creature that can convert information to free energy. A debate that has lasted for more than 100 years has revealed that the demon's operation does not contradict the laws of thermodynamics; hence, the demon can be realized physically. We briefly review the first experimental demonstration of Maxwell's demon of Szilard's engine type that converts information to...

This chapter presents a Discrete Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) algorithm that determines the optimal order of activities execution within a design project that minimizes project total iterative time and cost. Numerical Design Structure Matrix (DSM) was used to model project activities’ execution order along with their interactions providing a base for calculating the objec...

In past decade, new approaches to cell formation for cellular manufacturing systems was developed and applied. To be specific, Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing, Ants colony systems, Particle Swarm Optimization, and Tabu search etc... are in this paradigm. When the implementation stage knocks the door, there is a great deal whether it can be applied in reality or not. Keeping this in mind,...

This talk focuses on the search for the axion, a hypothetical elementary particle which historically appreared in a compelling solution to the Strong-CP problem in QCD. Subsequently, the axion was recognized to be a good Cold Dark Matter candidate. Although dark matter axions have only feeble couplings to matter and radiation, extremely sensitive searches are underway around the world. In this ...