Previous studies suggest that sympathetic responses evoked from the preoptic area in anesthetized rats require activation of neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus. Disinhibition of neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus in conscious rats produces physiological and behavioral changes resembling those evoked by microinjection of muscimol, a GABA(A) receptor agonist and neuronal inhibitor, into...

The hypothalamus is the region of the brain in charge of homeostasis as well as homeostatic behaviors like eating and drinking. The anatomical, connectional and physiological complexity of this region matches the importance and intricacy of its functions. Perhaps because of this, research on the developing hypothalamus has lagged behind that on the cortex or hippocampus. The realization that cu...

The endocrine and nervous systems reciprocally interact to manage physiological individual functions homeostasis. system modulates hormone release through the hypothalamus, main cerebrally specialized structure of neuroendocrine system. hypothalamus is involved in various metabolic processes, administering neuropeptide at different levels. This complex activity affected by neurons cerebral area...

To evaluate the role of the hypothalamus in hypertension, we compared the. development of blood pressure (BP) in normotensive host rats grafted at weaning with fetal hypothalamus from genetically hypertensive or normotensive donors. The anteroventral region of the third ventricle (AV3V) has been implicated in the control of BP, such that lesions of AV3V prevent or attenuate hypertension in a nu...

Human hair has three main regions, the medulla, the cortex, and the cuticle. An existing model for the cortex suggests that the α-keratin- based intermediate filaments (IFs) align with the hair's axis, but are orientationally disordered in-plane. We found that there is a new region in the cortex near the cuticle's boundary in which the IFs are aligned with the hair's axis, but additionally, the...

The asymptotic behavior of a subcritical Branching Process in Random Environment (BPRE) starting with several particles depends on whether the BPRE is strongly subcritical (SS), intermediate subcritical (IS) or weakly subcritical (WS). In the (SS+IS) case, the asymptotic probability of survival is proportional to the initial number of particles, and conditionally on the survival of the populati...

All species exhibit critical period for sensory development, yet very little is known about the molecules involved in the changes in the network wiring that underlies this process. Here the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the critical period of thermal control establishment in chicks was investigated. Neuroanatomically, the body temperature is balanced by the preoptic anteri...

The regulatory function of the central nervous system encompasses diverse endocrine, metabolic, and behavioral processes. Many of these originate, are integrated, or are coordinated through hypothalamic pathways or nuclei. Thus, tumors affecting areas projecting to the hypothalamus, tumors of the hypothalamus, and tumors invading or compressing the hypothalamus can produce abnormalities of hypo...

Objective: Appetite is affected by the metabolic profile, infections and nutritional shape in domestic animals. Regulation of appetite involves many complex physiological processes. Ghrelin well known appetite-enhancing hormone. The also managed lateral hypothalamus. On other hand, ventromedial nucleus most commonly associated with satiety. Brotizolam, member 1,4-benzodiazepines derivative, blo...

Introduction: Arginine-phenylalanine-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) is an inhibitor of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and an appetizer. Kisspeptin is a stimulator of GnRH and a regulator of energy metabolism. The objectives of the present study were to compare the effect of long term malnutrition on expression of RFRP-3 mRNA in dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) and Ki...