BACKGROUND The Sniffin' Sticks test is a well-developed olfactory test, with normative data having been derived from more than 3,000 subjects in central-northern Europe and Australia. However, as environment affects olfactory function, the purposes of this study were to establish normative data for the Sniffin' Sticks olfactory test in Taiwan, where the climate is different from that of Europe,...

Spino-Cerebellar-Ataxia type 38 (SCA38) is caused by missense mutations in the very long chain fatty acid elongase 5 gene, ELOVL5. The main clinical findings in this disease are ataxia, hyposmia and cerebellar atrophy. Mice in which Elovl5 has been knocked out represent a model of the loss of function hypothesis of SCA38. In agreement with this hypothesis, Elovl5 knock out mice reproduced the m...

Radiofrequency inferior turbinate reduction (RFITR) of inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) is an effective way to treat patients with intractable nasal mucosal obstruction. The objective of this study was to assess smell ability, nasal symptoms, inferior turbinate grading (ITG), peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) of patients with chronic rhinitis (CR), and ITH before and after RFITR. Patients ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of coblation-channeling in the treatment of inferior turbinate hypertrophy. The study was conducted in the Department of ENT Head and Neck Surgery, Split University Hospital Center, Split, Croatia. Fifty-two patients with inferior turbinate hypertrophy who were refractory to medical therapy were evaluated for coblation. The proc...

Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a neuronal migration disorder characterised by hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia. Five patients with clinical findings suggestive of KS were evaluated with MRI. All patients had abnormalities of olfactory system. Olfactory bulbs were absent in all patients. Olfactory sulci were absent in 3 patients and hypoplastic in 2 patients. Anterior pituitary ...

We report a case of a 70-year-old man diagnosed with a respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) of the nasal cavity after a past sinus surgery and associated with nasal polyposis. REAH is a recently described pathologic entity that can present with nasal obstruction, congestion, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, hyposmia, and headaches. It is a rare lesion of nasal and paranasal sinuses, but sh...

conclusions this study estimated that the prevalence of major depression among iranian individuals with pd living in kermanshah as 44%. major determinants of depression were female gender, rigidity, impaired posture, masked face, hyposmia, and anhedonia. results a total of 350 patients (52.9% men and 47.1% women) participated in this investigation. female gender (36.5% in women vs. 13.0% in men...

Introduction COVID 19 patients present with symptoms of respiratory tract infection as it is caused by SARS Cov-2 which a β corona virus. A significant number may complain changes in olfaction either at the onset or later. The incidence, severity and recovery from anosmia/hyposmia varies different patients. This study was done to investigate effect on olfactory dysfunction Indian population. Ma...