Symptom overlap between the Hyperventilation Syndrome (HVS) and Panic Disorder (PD) has been noted by many investigators; however, the reasons for this association are unclear. By following 50 college subjects (36 fema le and 14 male) who displa yed extremely high rates of hyperventilation symptoms over four-week to nine-month intervals, symptom stability patterns as well as the relationship to...

BACKGROUND Primary hyperventilation is defined as a state of alveolar ventilation in excess of metabolic requirements, leading to decreased arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide. The primary aim of this study was to characterise patients diagnosed with primary hyperventilation in the ED. METHODS Our retrospective cohort study comprised adult (≥16 years) patients admitted to our ED betwe...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the nystagmus evoked by hyperventilation in patients with unilateral vestibular schwannoma and to use this information to predict the effects of hyperventilation on individual ampullary nerves. METHODS Three-dimensional scleral search coil eye movement recording techniques were used to record the magnitude and time course of eye movements in six patients with unilateral v...

OBJECTIVE The authors present a profile of panic disorder based on and generalized from the effects of acute and chronic hyperventilation that are characteristic of the respiratory panic disorder subtype. The review presented attempts to integrate three premises: hyperventilation is a physiological response to hypercapnia; hyperventilation can induce panic attacks; chronic hyperventilation is a...

INTRODUCTION Hyperventilation has been demonstrated to alter autonomic function. Sympathomimetic drugs (isoproterenol) and parasympatholytic drugs (atropine) may be needed to facilitate induction of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The aim of this study was to test the clinical utility and mechanisms of hyperventilation to facilitate SVT initiation. METHODS AND RESULTS Fourteen patients wi...

A case of coronary artery vasospasm was studied in a man with a four year history of angina. He had evidence of symptomatic hyperventilation during a spontaneous episode of chest pain. When asked to hyperventilate the pain in his chest and ST elevation were reproduced in the same leads as occurred during the spontaneous attack. This may be the first reported case of spontaneous hyperventilation...

Historical note and nomenclature According to 1 consensus definition, "hyperventilation syndrome is a syndrome characterized by a variety of somatic symptoms induced by physiologically inappropriate hyperventilation and usually reproduced in whole or in part by voluntary hyperventilation" (Lewis and Howell 1986). Acute hyperventilation with obvious tachypnea accounts for about 1% of all cases o...

Recent studies show that healthy subjects and patients with moderate hypertension have different pressor responses to hyperventilation, depending on their sympathoadrenergic reactivity. In the present study, we investigated whether a different response to the hyperventilation test is related to differences in the daily blood pressure profiles recorded with noninvasive ambulatory monitoring. For...

Hyperventilation, which occurs in some patients with severe mental handicap, is a prominent feature in the histories of most girls with Rett syndrome but its mechanism and effects have not been established. Respiratory function was therefore studied in 18 patients with Rett syndrome and 23 healthy controls. Ten of the patients (56%), but none of the controls, hyperventilated only when awake, an...

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of canine peripheral airways was performed at various times after hyperventilation, and BAL fluid (BALF) cell and mediator data were used to evaluate two hypotheses: 1) hyperventilation-induced mucosal injury stimulates mediator production, and 2) mucosal damage is correlated with the magnitude of hyperventilation-induced bronchoconstriction. We found that epithelia...