.............................................................................................. I Acknowledgements ............................................................................ II ركشو ءادهآ .............................................................................................. IV List of Figures .................................................................................

The current study was conducted to determine the LC(50) value of ammonia-N as well as the effects of acute exposure to elevated ammonia on the haemolymph osmolality, ionic composition, ammonia-N and pH levels of early juvenile mud crabs, Scylla serrata. The results show that early S. serrata juveniles have a high 96-h LC(50) value of 95.35 mg/L ammonia-N (6.81 mg/L NH(3)-N) or 6.80 mmol/L total...

This study was accomplished to examine the efficiency of natural zeolite in preventing acute toxicity of total ammonia to Huso huso. The study was performed using Water Static Method in 96 hours. Fish averaged 46 ? 5 g in weight and 22 ? 4 cm in total length were exposed to four different concentrations (15, 30, 50, 75 mgL-1) of ammonia and a group was considered as control. Under stable condit...

Let S be a bipartite semigraph with |NXa(y)| ≥ 1 for every y ∈ Y . A vertex x ∈ X hyper dominates y ∈ Y if y ∈ Na(x) or y ∈ Na(NY a(x)). A subsetD ⊆ X is a hyper dominating set of S if every y ∈ Y is hyper dominated by a vertex ofD. A subsetD ⊆ X is called a minimal hyper dominating set of S if no proper subset of D is a hyper dominating set of S. The minimum cardinality of a minimal hyper domi...

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) can use oxygen and nitrite as electron acceptors. Nitrite reduction by Nitrosomonas is observed under three conditions: (i) hydrogen-dependent denitrification, (ii) anoxic ammonia oxidation with nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and (iii) NO(x)-induced aerobic ammonia oxidation. NO(x) molecules play an important role in the conversion of ammonia and nitrite by AOB. Absen...

an improved mit bag model with hyper central interactions is used to calculate the staticproperties of hadrons containing u, d, s and c quarks. we present a theoretical approach to the internalstructure of three-body hyper central interacting quarks in a hadron, in which we take hadron as a bag.we discuss a few of the results obtained using a six-dimension harmonic oscilator (h.o) potential, ha...

One of the annual issues that has to be addressed in English football is producing a fixture schedule for the holiday periods that reduces the travel distance for the fans and players. This problem can be seen as a minimisation problem which must abide to the constraints set by the Football Association. In this study, the performance of selection hyper-heuristics is investigated as a solution m...

 In this paper, we aresupposed to introduce the definitions of n-fold commutative, andimplicative hyper K-ideals. These definitions are thegeneralizations of the definitions of commutative, andimplicative hyper K-ideals, respectively, which have been definedin [12]. Then we obtain some related results. In particular wedetermine the relationships between n-fold implicative hyperK-ideal and n-fol...