The combination of 2-hydroxy-propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (H(3)hypta, also called citric acid) and 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bipy) in a 1:1.5 molar ratio leads to the formation of the title mol-ecular cocrystal, 1.5C(10)H(8)N(2)·C(6)H(8)O(7). The asymmetric unit contains one and a half 4,4'-bipy units, with one lying across a centre of inversion, and one H(3)hypta mol-ecule. The significant dif...

Citric acid has been reported to increase utilization efficiency of dietary phytate-bound phosphorus and protein. Objective of this study was to determine the effects of citric acid on growth performance and nutrient retention of broiler chickens fed diets having two levels of non-phytate phosphorus and rice bran. Giving a completely randomize design in 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, 144 broi...

Formation of silver citrate/citric acid complexed solutions was investigated. Although, silver citrate is minimally soluble in water, it can successfully be dissolved in citric acid solutions. The maximum concentration of Ag(I) in solution is estimated at 23 to 25 g/L if the concentration of citric acid is at least 4 mol/L or higher. The dissolution of silver citrate in citric acid solutions wa...

citric acid has been reported to increase utilization efficiency of dietary phytate-bound phosphorus and protein. objective of this study was to determine the effects of citric acid on growth performance and nutrient retention of broiler chickens fed diets having two levels of non-phytate phosphorus and rice bran. giving a completely randomize design in 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, 144 broi...

Gastroesophageal acid reflux into the airways can trigger asthma attacks. Indeed, citric acid inhalation causes bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs, but the mechanism of this effect has not been fully clarified. We investigated the role of tachykinins, bradykinin, and nitric oxide (NO) on the citric acid- induced bronchoconstriction in anesthetized and artificially ventilated guinea pigs. Citric...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of using Citric Acid on false negative rates induced by PPIs during 14C–UBT in dyspeptic patients with H. pylori infection. In a crossover randomized controlled clinical trial, one hundred dyspeptic patients (46 females and 54 males) with determined H. pylori infection who referred to gastrointestinal Outpatient Clinic of Razi Hospital-Rasht, ...

Infection is one of the most important obstacles in the wound-healing process. Conventional methods used for the treatment of wound infections have their own limitations and hence, are difficult to control. If infection is not addressed well in time, it will further increase morbidity and cost of treatment. An attempt was made to develop a simple and effective treatment modality by using citric...

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of differentpreservative solutions to improve the keeping quality of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa cv. Single). These preservative solutions (treatments) were: T1= 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l AgNO3, T2= 2% sucrose + 200 mg/l AgNO3 + 25 mg/l citric acid, T3= 2% sucrose + 300 mg/l HQS, T4 = 2% sucrose + 300 mg/l HQS+ 25 mg/l citric acid, T5= 2% sucro...