Thermophilic propionate-oxidizing, proton-reducing bacteria were enriched from the granular methanogenic sludge of a bench-scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor operated at 55 degrees C with a mixture of volatile fatty acids as feed. Thermophilic hydrogenotrophic methanogens had a high decay rate. Therefore, stable, thermophilic propionate-oxidizing cultures could not be obtained by using t...

Seven crude oils of known source and maturity, representing a natural sequence of increasing degree of biodegradation, were collected from reservoirs in the Liaohe Basin, NE China, in an effort to determine the magnitude and direction of isotopic shift of carbon and hydrogen in individual n-alkanes during microbial degradation. The results show that biodegradation has little effect on the carbo...

Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. For this reason, the chemistry of the interstellar medium is largely dominated by the interaction of hydrogenic neutrals and ions. The hydrogen molecule, H2, and the simplest polyatomic ion, H3 , each exist in one of two forms identified as ortho or para, which are defined by their total nuclear spins. These spin modifications have differen...

The crystal contacts of several families of hydrocarbon compounds substituted with one or several types of oxygenated chemical groups were analyzed statistically using the Hirshfeld surface methodology. The propensity of contacts to occur between two chemical types is described with the contact enrichment descriptor. The systematic large enrichment ratios of some interactions like the O-H⋯O hyd...

Histone deacetylase inhibitors have gained a great deal of attention recently for the treatment of cancers and inflammatory diseases. So design of new inhibitors is of great importance in pharmaceutical industries and labs. Creating pharmacophor models in order to design new molecules or search a library for finding lead compounds is of great interest. This approach reduces the overall cost ass...

The potential for hydrogen gas to stimulate microbial respiratory activity in sediments was investigated. Cell elutions from Passaic River (NJ), San Diego Bay (CA), and Marine Harbor sediments were amended with hydrogen gas to evaluate its impact on microbial activity measured by intracellular reduction of 5cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC). The transferability of this approach to se...

Data from the mass spectrometer on the Galileo Probe indicate an approximately uniform enrichment (relative to hydrogen) of 3±1 times the solar value for Ar, Kr, Xe, C, S and N on Jupiter. These data also reveal that 15N/14N = 2.3 ± 0.3 × 10−3 in Jupiter’s nitrogen, indicating that this element reached the planet primarily in the form of N2 . These two findings strongly suggest that a disk inst...

Histone deacetylase inhibitors have gained a great deal of attention recently for the treatment of cancers and inflammatory diseases. So design of new inhibitors is of great importance in pharmaceutical industries and labs. Creating pharmacophor models in order to design new molecules or search a library for finding lead compounds is of great interest. This approach reduces the overall cost ass...