Attempts to understand mechanisms underlying plant mortality during drought have led to the emergence of a hydraulic framework describing distinct hydraulic strategies among coexisting species. This framework distinguishes species that rapidly decrease stomatal conductance (gs), thereby maintaining high water potential (Px; isohydric), from those species that maintain relatively high gs at low ...

The most common form of onsite domestic wastewater treatment in the United States is the septic system. Although the design of these systems has been well established, no systematic evaluation of septic system performance exists for sloping hardpan soils. In this paper, we develop a simple hydrologic model for assessing the probability of failure for a set of hydrologic conditions, septic loadi...

Hydraulic failure is one of the main causes of tree mortality in conditions of severe drought. Resistance to cavitation is known to be strongly related to drought tolerance and species survival in conifers, but the threshold of water-stress-induced embolism leading to catastrophic xylem dysfunction in angiosperms has been little studied. We investigated the link between drought tolerance, survi...

piping sometimes is occurred due to seepage of water in hydraulic structures. the continuty of this phenomenon decreases the safety or caused the failure of a structure. in this work, experimental tests were carried out on statically compacted natural and randomly reinforced silt sandy soil samples. the randomly reinforced samples were prepared with different lengths and percentages of an artif...

A hydraulic system is a key subsystem of heavy-duty machine tools with high failure intensity, the which often causes shutdown production and economic loss in machining. Therefore, it necessary to implement analysis identify weak links improve reliability. For system, there an amount data collected field, help calculate occurrence probability basic events through fault tree method. However, are...

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Vulnerability segmentation, the condition under which plant leaves are more vulnerable to drought-induced cavitation than stems, may act as a "safety valve" to protect stems from hydraulic failure. Evergreen, winter-deciduous, and drought-deciduous tree species co-occur in tropical savannas, but there have been no direct studies on the role of vulnerability segmentation and stomatal regulation ...

There are several strategies for maintenance and repairing of devices in industry. However, they are still confronted with many uncertainties. A hydraulic lifting device after ten years of working in a technical center in Isfahan is faced with uncertainty in terms of reliability. Being able to know the reliability of pieces means predicting failure occurrences, which is accomplished by conditio...

The long-time behavior of the solution of the system θτ−απτ = Ω(θ), πτ−θτ = πξξ is investigated. Such a system is related to the modeling of detonation waves subjected to strong hydraulic resistance. We establish that some initial conditions yield decay (failure of ignition) while for other initial conditions our results strongly suggest convergence to traveling waves (successful ignition).