Human erythrocytes contain an unidentified plasma membrane redox system that can reduce extracellular monodehydroascorbate by using intracellular ascorbate (Asc) as an electron donor. Here we show that human erythrocyte membranes contain a cytochrome b(561) (Cyt b(561)) and hypothesize that it may be responsible for this activity. Of three evolutionarily closely related Cyts b(561), immunoblots...