BACKGROUND The effect of adrenergic agonists in asthma depends on their net effect on microvascular leakage, mucosal oedema, vascular clearance of spasmogens, inhibition of cholinergic neurotransmission, and airway smooth muscle contractility. It has been postulated that adrenaline, by virtue of its alpha effects on the vasculature and cholinergic neurotransmission, may have additional useful p...

Previous reports demonstrated that the expression of thrombomodulin (TM) in endothelial cells was modulated by various agents. Although TM was down-regulated by endotoxin or cytokines, up-regulation of TM was accomplished when endothelial cells were stimulated with unphysiologically high concentrations of cyclic AMP derivatives or tumour-promoting phorbol esters. We investigated the expression ...

Trimetaphan (Arfonad), which acts as a histamine-releasing agent in dogs, was observed to increase the shunt of blood through the lungs. Although external examination of the lungs showed no appreciable collapse, more detailed examination of lungs fixed by perfusion showed that the shunt could be explained on the basis of alveolar collapse and there was no need to postulate the opening of anatom...

Male Wistar rats maintained on a thiamine deficient diet showed mouse-killing aggression (muricide). On the 30th day of experimental feeding, the incidence of this muricide was about 70%. Intracerebroventricular histamine suppressed the muricide induced by thiamine deficiency in a dose-dependent manner. Histamine H1-receptor blocking agents such as diphenhydramine, promethazine and chlorphenira...

UNLABELLED The aim of this study is to determine the affinity of six active compounds of Aegle Marmelos Correa, they are (E, R)-Marmin, skimmianine, (S)-aegeline, aurapten, zeorin, and dustanin as antihistamines in histamine H1 receptor in comparison to cetirizin, diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine as ligands comparison. Previously, in the in vitro study marmin obviously antagonized the hista...

No single agent has been found which accounts for the hyperemia and increased vascular permeability associated with many common reactions to injury. Histamine appears to be important in some reactions, but there is abundant evidence that it is not the sole active agent, and in many reactions may not be the major factor. The following experiments demonstrate that the edema produced in the rat by...

in the present study, the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of normal saline (control), histamine, mepyramine (a histamine h1-receptor antagonist) and ranitidine (a histamine h2-receptor antagonist) were investigated on the formalin-induced pain in rabbits. subcutaneous (sc) injection of a formalin (100 μl, 5%) solution into the ventral surface of the right hind paw was pe...

Anxiety-related behaviors increase histamine and dopamine release in the brain. On the other hand, central histamine counteracts reward and reinforcement processes mediated by the mesolimbic dopamine system. We investigated the effects of the histaminergic system and dopamine D2 receptors agents and their interactions on anxiety-related behaviors using the elevated plus-maze (EPM). The intra-hi...

BACKGROUND It has been suggested that normal concentrations of biogenic amines and 'histamine-releasing foods' may exacerbate symptoms in mastocytosis. The purpose of this study was to look for scientific evidence in the literature on diets restricted in biogenic amines and histamine-releasing foods in the treatment of mastocytosis. METHODS Medline (1966 to 2004), Cinahl (1982 to 2004) and th...

The role of histamine H1 and H2 receptors in the lung is not clear. H1 receptor blockade results in bronchodilatation and inhibition of histamine induced bronchoconstriction. H2 receptor blockade in vitro prevents the normal negative feedback of histamine on further mediator release in antigen challenge. Bronchospasm in guinea pigs given antigen challenge is enhanced by previous administration ...