A 35-year-old Chinese female experienced sudden onset of right knee pain one day after a charity hiking event with no history of injury. The pain was neither relieved with diclofenic sodium nor acetaminophen and she subsequently received various modalities of physiotherapy treatment. The pain disappeared within six weeks and she was able to resume full activity.

On the Colorado Plateau, some environments occupied by Mexican Spotted Owls ( Strix occidentalis lucida ) receive a great deal of recreational use. To assess the effects of hikers on breeding owls, we quantified changes in the activity budgets of owls at nests in response to a controlled amount of hiking in canyons of southern Utah in 1997 and 1998. We examined differences in the duration and f...

We study the dynamics of co-evolution of producers and customers described by bit-strings representing individual traits. Individual ”sizelike” properties are controlled by binary encounters which outcome depends upon a recognition process. Depending upon the parameter set-up, mutual selection of producers and customers results in different types of attractors, either an exclusive niches regime...

INTRODUCTION This study investigated the sport-related ankle injuries attending an accident and emergency (A&E) department during a 1-year period. METHODS A total of 1715 sports injuries cases attending an A&E department from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2005 were prospectively recorded. Details of each classified case were recorded in a computerised record system by the triage nurse. At the...

Hiking is a demanding form of exercise that may cause delayed responses of the postural muscles and a loss of somatosensory information, particularly when repeatedly performed for several days. These effects may negatively influence the postural control of hikers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a four-day hike on postural control. Twenty-six adults of both se...

PURPOSE To develop a sailing ergometer that accurately simulates upwind sailing exercise. METHODS A sailing ergometer that measures roll moment accompanied by a biofeedback system that allows imposing a certain quasi-isometric upwind sailing protocol (ie, 18 bouts of 90-s hiking at constantly varying hiking intensity interspersed with 10 s to tack) was developed. Ten male high-level Laser sai...

We describe the initial efforts towards developing a system for automatically generating oblique 3D overviews of hiking trails. Given a GPS path, the system is intended to automatically return a printable map with an appropriately chosen viewpoint and vertical distortion. We discuss general design implications for 3D maps and map-related representations, address specific applications to this ta...