The hypothesis was tested that children whose families differ in socioeconomic status (SES) differ in their rates of productive vocabulary development because they have different language-learning experiences. Naturalistic interaction between 33 high-SES and 30 mid-SES mothers and their 2-year-old children was recorded at 2 time points 10 weeks apart. Transcripts of these interactions provided ...

INTRODUCTION Although socioeconomic differences in prevalence of obesity are well documented, whether patterns of weight gain during key periods of growth and development differ among youth from different socioeconomic backgrounds is unknown. This study examines socioeconomic disparities in overweight status and 5-year weight gain among adolescents. METHODS Project EAT (Eating Among Teens)-II...

We investigated the relationships between socioeconomic status (SES) and the neural correlates of selective attention by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) in lowand high-SES preadolescents during an auditory selective attention task. Salivary cortisol levels were also determined before and after the task. ERP difference waveforms between attended and unattended auditory stimuli (Nd, dif...

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate differences in associations between crime rates, cycling, and weight status between people living in low and high socioeconomic status (SES) neighbourhoods. In total, 470 participants in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam were included (age: 63-70 y). Body height and weight were measured using a stadiometer and calibrated weight...

BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) utilization is common in Asian countries. Limited studies are available on the socioeconomic status (SES) associated with TCM use among the pediatric population. We report on the association between SES and TCM use among children and adolescents in Taiwan. METHODS A National Health Interview Survey was conducted in Taiwan in 2001 that included 5,9...

Child sex and family socioeconomic status (SES) have been repeatedly identified as a source of inter-individual variation in language development; yet their interactions have rarely been explored. While sex differences are the focus of a renewed interest concerning emerging language skills, data remain scarce and are not consistent across preschool years. The questions of whether family SES imp...

It has been hypothesized that one way in which lower socioeconomic status (SES) affects health is by increasing the rate of biological aging. A widely used marker of biological aging is telomere length. Telomeres are structures at the ends of chromosomes that erode with increasing cell proliferation and genetic damage. We aimed to identify, through systematic review and meta-analysis, whether l...

Hair cortisol (CORT) is a biomarker of chronic stress via long-term alterations in hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. Relationships to perceived stress measures, however, have rarely been specifically investigated. A diverse sample of 135 adults participated in a study assessing relationships between chronic stress indicator CORT to perceived stress and health indicators. CORT was no...

PURPOSE This prospective longitudinal study compared the patterns of oral health behaviors between low and high socioeconomic status (SES) families participating in the Iowa Fluoride Study for a period of 9 years. METHODS Information on oral health behaviors, including consumption of juices/juice drinks, soda pop, and powder-based drinks, dental visits, and tooth-brushing frequency, was colle...

In this study, the authors evaluated whether the association between low educational level and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia may be explained by occupation-based socioeconomic status (SES). A cohort of 931 nondemented subjects aged > or = 75 years from the Kungsholmen Project, Stockholm, Sweden, was followed for 3 years between 1987 and 1993. A total of 101 incident ca...