Glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis is a homotetrameric flavoprotein of great potential biotechnological use because it catalyzes the oxidative deamination of various amines and d-isomer of amino acids to yield the corresponding alpha-keto acids, ammonia/amine, and hydrogen peroxide. Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine), a broad spectrum herbicide, is an interesting synthetic amino acid: th...

The effect of the external pH in the range of 5.5 to 8.0 on the activity of three PSII herbicides (diuron, atrazine and dinoseb) was studied in isolated thylakoid membranes by means of prompt and delayed fluorescence induction kinetics. Well-expressed pH dependence was established for prompt fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fi/Fm) as well as for delayed fluorescence parameters (I1, I2). Two type...

Pesticides that contain a halogen functional group have been destructed by means of detonative combustion. The following compounds were examined: (1) atrazine-2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine-herbicide; (2) bromophos-O,4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate-insecticide; (3) chloridazon-5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenylopyridazin-3(2H)-one-herbicide; (4) linuron-3-...

An area of interest in precision farming is variable-rate application of herbicides to optimize herbicide use efficiency and minimize negative off-site and non-target effects. Site-specific weed management based on field scale management zones derived from soil characteristics known to affect soil-applied herbicide efficacy could alleviate challenges posed by post-emergence precision weed manag...

Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide, due to its broad spectrum, low cost, low toxicity, high efficiency, and non-selective characteristics. Rice farmers rarely use glyphosate as a herbicide, because the crop is sensitive to this chemical. The development of transgenic glyphosate-tolerant rice could greatly improve the economics of rice production. Here, we transformed the Pseudomonas fluoresc...

Aiming to reduce herbicide leaching, "in situ" adsorption of herbicide-micelle formulations to soils was explored. Sulfentrazone or metolachlor were solubilized in cationic micelles, and these herbicide-micelle formulations were applied to sandy and alluvial soils. Sulfentrazone adsorption to the soils was negligible; however, its adsorption via its solubilization in micelles and their adsorpti...

Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) is a widely distributed invasive species that dominates many natural areas and restoration sites. Cost-effective suppression and restoration strategies need to be developed for plant communities affected by this species. Pretreatments designed to disrupt rhizome apical dominance may augment herbicide performance by making reed canarygrass rhizomes more su...

Agricultural weeds have rapidly adapted to intensive herbicide selection and resistance to herbicides has evolved within ecological timescales. Yet, the genetic basis of broad-spectrum generalist herbicide resistance is largely unknown. This study aims to determine the genetic control of non-target-site herbicide resistance trait(s) that rapidly evolved under recurrent selection of the novel li...

A wild population of a plant species, especially a cross-pollinated species, can display considerable genetic variation. Genetic variability is evident in differential susceptibility to an herbicide because the population can show continuous phenotypic variation. Recent, recurrent selection studies have revealed that phenotypic variation in response to low herbicide rates is heritable and can r...

To explore the synergistic effects of modified biochar in purification herbicide-containing wastewater, effect addition on removal herbicide atrazine wastewater was verified by bags a small reed bed-constructed wetland laboratory. The results showed that sulfuric acid-modified could increase rate from 50% to 70%, and COD elimination 66.7% 86.7%. constructed bed improved efficiency total nitroge...