1. Hass M, Hannoun C, Kalinina T, Sommer G, Manegold C, Gunther S. Functional analysis of hepatitis B virus reactivating in hepatitis B surface antigen-negative individuals. HEPATOLOGY 2005;42: 93-103. 2. Manegold C, Hannoun C, Wywiol A, Dietrich M, Polywka S, Chiwakata CB, et al. Reactivation of hepatitis B virus replication accompanied by acute hepatitis in patients receiving highly active an...

Using PCR and genomic sequencing, we confirmed the presence of and homology between hepatitis G virus (HGV) (also called GB virus C) RNA in six serum samples and that in two saliva samples obtained from 34 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infections. Thus, HGV may be found outside the circulatory system.

Background: We explored the effect of vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms in response to PEG-IFN treatment in Egyptian chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: Two hundred hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients (42.3±10.7 years) on PEG-IFN α-2a (180 μg /kg for 48 weeks) and one hundred control subjects (37.3 ±12 years) were enrolled in the study. Vitamin D levels a...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis G virus (HGV) is a member of Flaviviridae. Prevalence of HGV in healthy people is very low, but this virus is more prevalent in patients with hepatitis. Besides, relative frequency of HGV in patients undergoing hemodialysis, and kidney recipients is very high. The role of HGV in pathogenesis is not clear. Since this virus cannot be cultivated, molecular techniques such as R...