Newly synthesized heparan sulfates purified from the cell layer of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and main pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAECs) cultured under either normoxic (21% oxygen) or hypoxic (3% oxygen) conditions were characterized by size, charge, and capacity to bind to antithrombin III. Incorporation of radiolabeled sulfate into cell layer-associated heparan sulfate ...

Heparan sulfate, an extensively sulfated glycosaminoglycan abundant on cell surface proteoglycans, regulates intercellular signaling through its binding to various growth factors and receptors. In the lacrimal gland, branching morphogenesis depends on the interaction of heparan sulfate with Fgf10-Fgfr2b. To address if lacrimal gland development and FGF signaling depends on 2-O-sulfation of uron...

Cells depend on polyamines for growth and their depletion represents a strategy for the treatment of cancer. Polyamines assemble de novo through a pathway sensitive to the inhibitor, alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). However, the presence of cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans may provide a salvage pathway for uptake of circulating polyamines, thereby sparing cells from the cytostati...

Embryonic chick neural retina cells in culture release complexes of proteins and glycosaminoglycans, termed adherons, which stimulate cell-substratum adhesion when adsorbed to nonadhesive surfaces. Two distinct retinal cell surface macromolecules, a 170,000-mol-wt glycoprotein and a heparan sulfate proteoglycan; are components of adherons that can independently promote adhesion when coated on i...

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), an emerging arthropod-borne pathogen, has a broad host and cell tropism. Here we report that the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate, abundantly present on the surface of most animal cells, is required for efficient entry of RVFV. Entry was significantly reduced by preincubating the virus inoculum with highly sulfated heparin, by enzymatic removal of heparan sulfat...

The physicochemical characteristics of the glomerular capillary filtration membrane restrict the passage of macromolecules on the basis of molecular weight, charge, and shape. The proposed ionic charge permselectivity characteristics of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) are determined by its chemical composition, primarily the highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan heparan. In diabetic nephropa...

Heparan sulfate was isolated form the cell surface, cell pellet, and culture medium of exponentially growing as well as postconfluent bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs). After chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex and Sepharose 4B, the various mucopolysaccharides were examined for their ability to cause growth inhibition in a SMC bioassay. The heparan sulfate isolated from the surface of postco...

Heparan sulfate was purified from rat kidney cortex by a combination of affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography, and identified by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. As determined by the equilibrium dialysis method, heparan sulfate has two classes of binding sites for dibekacin and gentamicin, and has one class of binding site for amikacin. From the results of equilibrium dialys...