The wavefront measurement technique using the Shack Hartmann wavefront sensor has been developed for measurement of wavefront distortion of a SR extraction mirror for the beam profile monitor at Photon Factory. The instrument consists of a multi-lens array ( 8x8 array, 250 mm pitch and focal length of 4.5 mm), a beam expander (20:1), an image relay lens system (1:1), a HeNe laser (633 nm) and a...

The radial dependence of the diffuse reflectance from a turbid medium that is due to a point source is basically influenced by the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients. A system consisting of a HeNe laser source and a CCD camera is described for making remote measurements of the spatially resolved diffuse reflectance. Liquid tissue phantoms were made of Intralipid and trypan blue to v...

We report on an optically activated phase modulator (OAM) and modulator array on GaAs-GaAlAs compound semiconductor rib waveguides. A rib waveguide device with an optical activation window of 5 pm in diameter was fabricated. Optical activation was produced by using a HeNe 632.8 nm wavelength as the free-carrier generator and a 1.3 pm laser as the signal carrier. A 33% modulation depth was obser...

Among successful approaches to cancer immunotherapy, the combination of cytokines application and adoptive transfer of lymphoid effector cells represents the most promising one. To stimulate functional activity of lymphoid cells used for adoptive transfer, some physical factors may be used [1, 2]. It has been shown [1, 3, 4] that the low-energy laser irradiation possesses immunomodulating prope...

Excitation of HeNe by synchrotron light just below the frequency of the 1s → 3p transition of isolated He has been recently shown to be followed by resonant interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD). The vibrationally resolved widths of the ICD states were extracted with high precision from the photoion spectra. In this paper, we report the results of ab initio calculations of these widths. We show tha...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The main objective of current animal and clinical studies was to assess the efficacy of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on wound healing in rabbits and humans. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS In the initial part of our research we conducted a randomized controlled animal study, where we evaluated the effects of laser irradiation on the healing of surgical wounds on ...

Abstract Two-dimensional precision stages for semiconductor lithography require sub-nm-level accuracy. Current ultraprecision stage metrology based on heterodyne laser interferometers with a 632.8-nm HeNe laser and interpolation to λ/2048 provide resolution of 0.3 nm. Unfortunately, the refractive index of air varies with CO2 and water vapor content, as well as with air turbulence. Without expe...