Most financial models for modelling dependent risks are based on the assumption of multivariate normality and linear correlation is used as a measure of dependence. However, observed financial data are rarely normally distributed and tend to have marginal distributions with heavier tails. Furthermore, the observed synchronized extreme falls in financial markets can not be modelled by multivaria...

The accurate representation of precipitation across the Earth’s surface is crucial to furthering our knowledge and understanding Earth System its component processes. Precipitation poses a number challenges, particularly due variability over time space whether it falls as snow or rain. While conventional measures are reasonably good at location their measurement, distribution uneven with some r...

Abstract In this paper we present a numerical study of the dynamics partially ionized coronal rain blobs. We use two-fluid model to perform high-resolution 2D simulation that takes into account collisional interaction between charged and neutral particles contained in plasma. follow evolution cold plasma condensation as it falls through an isothermal vertically stratified atmosphere represents ...

The sputtering of the lunar surface by the solar wind is examined as a possible mechanism of mass fractionation. Simple arguments based on current theories of sputtering and the ballistics of the sputtered atoms suggest that most ejected atoms will have sufficiently high energy to escape lunar gravity. However, the fraction of atoms which falls back to the surface is enriched in the heavier ato...

This study attempts to validate an infiltration model, the Soil Conservation Service–Curve Number (SCS–CN) method, using nonofficial intermittent occurrence data of Eongtto Falls on Jeju Island, Korea. Simply due limited official continuous runoff concerning validation a newly set SCS-CN method for Island was practically impossible. Instead, this tries use purpose. focuses Falls, which is one m...

Observed and modeled rainfall occurrence from shallow (warm) maritime clouds and their composite statistical relationships with cloud macrophysical properties are analyzed and directly compared. Rain falls from;25%of warm, single-layered, maritime clouds observed byCloudSat and from;27%of the analogous warm clouds simulated within a large-domain, fine-resolution radiative–convective equilibrium...