one of the primary stages of climatic architectural design is the knowledge of the environmental conditions and meteorology data analyzing according to human thermal comfort and usage of building material. nowadays access to meteorology data of all iran meteorology stations is available on the website of the iran meteorology organization. therefore every architect who feels himself/herself resp...

Abstract Limiting global mean temperature rise to 1.5 °C is increasingly out of reach. Here we show the impact on cooling demand in moving from 2.0 warming. African countries have highest increase requirements. Switzerland, United Kingdom and Norway (traditionally unprepared for heat) will suffer largest relative surges. Immediate unprecedented adaptation interventions are required worldwide be...

The temporal distribution of monthly heating degree days (HDD) approximates a bell-shaped curve, usually with a January maximum. The first moment, or centroid, of this distribution can be taken as the midpoint of the heating season. Analysis of seasonal HDD centroids reveals significant inter-decadal trends in the Northern Plains. From 1950 to 1990, the timing of the HDD centroid is observed to...