A scheme is proposed to desalinate sea water using solar energy for the Thar Desert of India. The scheme has been using solar energy for the Thar Desert of India. The scheme has been designed to produce about 5.25 x 10 m/yr (13860 MG/yr) of fresh water with 11.52 km (4.5 miles) of collector area. The solar collectors are rectangular concrete tubes, half buried in the ground, through which sea w...

In the current work, cup drawing experiments with laser assistance are presented where only selected areas of the work piece have been heated up. Since the strongest deformations occur at the outer circumference of the blank, only that area has been heated up by a defocused laser beam. Selective laser heating of the work pieces was performed by diode as well as Nd:YAG laser radiation. The formi...

For the investigation of the dynamics of heavy-ion beams penetrating hot dense plasma at the Z6 area at GSI an experimental setup was developed, which allows for diagnosing a directly laser-heated plasma target, and measuring the charge state and energy loss of an ion beam after / in it [1, 2]. The varying energy loss of the ion beam in the target (solid—plasma—vacuum) is determined in a TOFlik...

a numerical study has been done through an al2o3–water in a double lid-driven  square  cavity with various  inclination  angles  and discrete heat sources. the top and right moving walls are at low temperature. half of  the  left and bottom walls are  insulated and  the  temperatures of the other half are kept at high. a large number of simulations for a wide  range  of richardson  number  of  ...

Bad pixels are generally treated as a loss of useable area and then excluded from averaged performance metrics. The definition and detection of “bad pixels” or “cosmetic defects” are seldom discussed, perhaps because they are considered self-evident or of minor consequence for any scientific grade detector, however the ramifications can be more serious than generally appreciated. While the defi...

To avoid ‘getting bogged down in theories of perception’, Prinz (2015) stipulates that ‘unconscious perception’ is to mean the ‘unconscious transduction of information ... useable by the organism that transduces it’. But this will not suffice if our interest is in defending the philosophically substantive thesis that episodes of the same fundamental kind as episodes of conscious perception can ...

Cytotoxicity and hemolysis were studied in chrysotile and quartz. The biological activity of the surface seemed to be different between chrysotile and quartz. Quartz lost its cytotoxicity on heating over about 500 degrees C. However chrysotile showed remarkable toxicity and induced hemolysis on heating between 650 and 800 degrees C, compared with the original unheated specimens. The mice inject...

Economic development and rising welfare lead to higher demand for energy services, which can limit or even negate the results of costly efficiency (EE) upgrades. At present, some consumption patterns in Central Eastern European countries are more sustainable compared Union (EU) average but rapidly approaching it. Energy sufficiency (ES) leading an absolute reduction will be essential achieving ...

Here we report polarization-sensitive, thermal radiation measurements of individual, antenna-like, thin film Platinum nanoheaters. These heaters confine the lateral extent of the heated area to dimensions smaller (or comparable) to the thermal emission wavelengths. For very narrow heater structures the polarization of the thermal radiation shows a very high extinction ratio as well as a dipolar...