Under current rates of environmental change many populations may be found in habitats of low quality and low conservation value, creating population sinks. We test recent theory that suggests, surprisingly, that stochastic environmental variability may enhance the long-term persistence of sink metapopulations. Using experimental populations of Paramecium aurelia we show that it is possible for ...

Abstract In this paper, multi-objective optimization (MOO) of Al2O3-water nanofluid flow in microchannel heat sinks (MCHS) with triangular ribs is performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithms (NSGA II). At first, nanofluid flow is solved numerically in various MCHS with triangular ribs using CFD techniques. Finally, the CFD data will...

With the enhancements in nanotechnology, electronic devices shrank size which led to a necessity develop efficient thermal management strategies. These small could be thermally managed through passive systems provided that effective materials are developed. Here, we use layer of activated carbon on top anodized aluminum heat sinks utilize sorption cycle atmospheric water create desorption induc...

The deliberation of interloper is to interrupt the communication or to invade the location of sender and receiver. One of the primary concerns of wireless sensor networks is the privacy of sender and receiver. There is always a threat of eavesdropper. The chief objective of this paper is to achieve a high degree of security for both source and sink. Due to an open characteristic of wireless sen...

In RFID reader systems, power amplifier plays a critical rule for efficiency enhancement. A high efficiency power amplifier may not only increase the life expectancy of portable RFID devices but also reduce the reliance on heat sinks. Heat sinks usually occupy plenty of space and lead to packing difficulties. A well-designed power amplifier with high efficiency and output power may also increas...

Cooling of electronic chips has become a critical aspect in the development of electronic devices. Overheating may cause the malfunction or damage of electronics. The time needed for heat removal is particularly important in a wide range of electronic systems, such as switching circuits. Thus, it is important to characterize the transient behavior of the system and determine the response. Most ...

Published studies concerning transport phenomena in micro-channel heat sinks can be divided into those concerning saturated boiling versus those focused on subcooled boiling, with the vast majority related to the former. What has been lacking is a single generalized method to tackle both boiling regimes. The primary objective of the present paper is to construct a consolidated method to predict...