Traditionally, Peganum harmala seeds (P.h) have been extensively used in the Asia region. We have previously reported the increase of fear behavior by systemic administration of P.h extract. Here, we evaluated the effect of central administration of the extract on the fear behavior. Method: Methanolic extract of the plant's seeds (37% humidity) was prepared for the investigation. Elevated pl...

The cerebellum has been implicated as a major player in producing temporal acuity. Theories of cerebellar timing typically emphasize the role of the cerebellar cortex while overlooking the role of the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) that provide the sole output of the cerebellum. Here we review anatomical and electrophysiological studies to shed light on the DCN's ability to support temporal patte...

The Internet may represent a new mechanism by which adolescents initiate the use of illicit substances. The existence of multiple partisan websites providing misinformation regarding the safety of these substances may lead to an increase in unsafe behavior among this age group. Adverse outcomes related to Internet-based drug information are rarely identified. We report a case of an adolescent w...

Background: Sustainable and commercial production of secondary metabolites is a critical issue when dealing with its clinical application. Efforts are still being made to look for biotic or abiotic elicitors with more efficient and universal effects on the improvement of secondary metabolites. Objective: In order to evaluate the suitability of different biotic elicitors on P. harmala L. cell...

Neurons of the inferior olivary nucleus (IO) form the climbing fibers that excite Purkinje cells of the cerebellar cortex. IO neurons are electrically coupled through gap junctions, and they generate synchronous, subthreshold oscillations of membrane potential at approximately 5-10 Hz. Experimental and theoretical studies have suggested that both the rhythmicity and synchrony of IO neurons requ...

traditionally, peganum harmala seeds (p.h) have been extensively used in the asia region. we have previously reported the increase of fear behavior by systemic administration of p.h extract. here, we evaluated the effect of central administration of the extract on the fear behavior. method: methanolic extract of the plant's seeds (37% humidity) was prepared for the investigation. elevated ...

background: sustainable and commercial production of secondary metabolites is a critical issue when dealing with its clinical application. efforts are still being made to look for biotic or abiotic elicitors with more efficient and universal effects on the improvement of secondary metabolites. objective: in order to evaluate the suitability of different biotic elicitors on p. harmala l. cell su...