We demonstrate rapid vibrational imaging based on sum frequency generation (SFG) microscopy with a collinear excitation geometry. Using the tunable picosecond pulses from a high-repetition-rate optical parametric oscillator, vibrationally selective imaging of collagen fibers is achieved with submicrometer lateral resolution. We furthermore show simultaneous SFG and second harmonic generation im...

A sum-frequency generation (SFG) microscope that is sensitive toward molecular chirality was demonstrated for the first time. Optically active images of chiral 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol solutions were obtained with submicron spatial resolution. Three-dimensional sectioning capability of our microscope was also demonstrated. This optically active SFG microscopy can potentially become a powerful imaging...

Vibrationally resonant sum-frequency generation microscopy is a member of the family of nonlinear optical microscopy techniques. It enables chemically selective imaging of non-centrosymmetric structures. We present the latest advances in this field. OCIS codes: 180.4315, 190.4223 1. The emerging field of sum-frequency generation microscopy Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a second-order opti...

BACKGROUND To better understand the epidemiology of tick-borne disease in Mongolia, a comprehensive seroprevalence study was conducted investigating exposure to Anaplasma spp. and spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia spp. in nomadic herders and their livestock across three provinces from 2014 to 2015. METHODS Blood was collected from 397 herders and 2370 livestock, including sheep, goats, cat...

Evidence of spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae was obtained from flea pools and individual ticks collected at three sites in northwestern Peru within the focus of an outbreak of febrile disease in humans attributed, in part, to SFG rickettsia infections. Molecular identification of the etiologic agents from these samples was determined after partial sequencing of the 17-kDa common antigen ge...

The first surface vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopic studies of amine-terminated Starburst® PAMAM G0 and G1 and acylated PAMAM G0 dendrimers at the glass–, gold–, and air–dendrimer interface are presented. Amine-terminated PAMAM G0 and G1 dendrimers as compared to the acylated PAMAM G0 dendrimer reveal significantly different surface SFG spectroscopic signatures. Raman spe...

Rickettsiae are in many places of the world emerging or reemerging pathogens. The spotted fevers group (SFG) composes a large group of tick- and mite-borne zoonotic infections that are caused by closely related rickettsiae. The SFG rickettsiae of Southeast Asia are yet to be identified. Earlier reports have documented the endemicity of rickettsioses among adults in the Himalayan belt but no con...

Based on picture fuzzy sets (PFSs), we use a mathematical model to tackle such types of problems when person has opinions like yes, no, abstain, and refusal. The spherical is more flexible practical than the model, as it enhances space uncertainty. It broadens vague information evaluated by decision makers since graphs are pictorial representation information. Graphs tool represent network. To ...

The most prominent pathophysiological effect of spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsial infection of microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) is an enhanced vascular permeability, promoting vasogenic cerebral edema and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, which are responsible for most of the morbidity and mortality in severe cases. To date, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which SFG Rickettsia ...