abstract objectives gradual increase length and complexity of utterance (gilcu) therapy method is a form of operant conditioning. this type of treatment is very precise and controlled that is done in 54 steps in 3 speech situations consisted of monologue, reading and conversation. this study aimed to examine the effects of gilcu treatment method on reduction of speech dysfluency of school-age...

within communicative, interactive, and learner-centered framework of language teaching and learning, students need to learn four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their educational success. but of all the language skills, reading enjoys a paramount significance in so many second or foreign language academic contexts. in spite of its importance, language learners still have...

nowadays enhancing critical thinking in learners is considered one of the foreign language teachers’ tasks due to its high position in foreign language classrooms. when it comes to selecting materials for language classrooms, there are obviously some criteria that teachers should apply. the present study aimed at a critical thinking based analysis of ten picture story books and ten folktales th...

le mythe gémellaire a pour fonction de montrer la dualité dans l’homme. dualité qui est la conséquence de rivalité, de jalousie, d’amour et de haine, mais cette dualité constitue les notions de la mortalité et l’immortalité. michel tournier actualise le thème de la dualité et lui procure un contenu nouveau. prise dans les paradigmes astreignants, l’histoire de jean-paul commençait par de sombre...

هویت  چیستی هر چیزی است، اما در مورد آدمی هویت مجموعه ای از خصوصیت های پایداری است که به اعتبار آن، یک فرد انسانی از دیگران متمایز می شود و می تواند با آن خود را بشناسد و به دیگران معرفی نماید. هیچ ملتی، هرچند تازه و نوبنیاد و بدون پیشینه ی تاریخی، بی نیاز از داشتن هویت نیست. ادبیات، گسترده ترین افقی است که در خلال گزارش های آن، می توان مؤلفه های اصلی هویت را که از سرنوشت انسان در اجتماع به ظهو...

nitric oxide (no) is a small molecule synthesized by most of mammalian cells with diverse biological activities including vasodilatation, host defense and wound healing. impaired wound healing is a common occurrence among diabetics and patients receiving glucocorticoid therapy. on the other hand the application of laser in biomedical area have been increased. thus, the current studies were desi...

with the increasing population and the need for more food, as well as with the development of science and technology, human approach to unnatural and often chemical inputs to increase agricultural production has been a great expansion and problems such as increased cancers, chronic diseases has created environmental pollution. implementation of organic organic is a solution to these problems . ...