Ammonia is a crucial chemical feedstock for fertilizer production and is a potential energy carrier. However, the current method of synthesizing ammonia, the Haber-Bosch process, consumes a great deal of energy. To reduce energy consumption, a process and a substance that can catalyze ammonia synthesis under mild conditions (low temperature and low pressure) are strongly needed. Here we show th...

Ammonia (NH3) is a key commodity chemical of vital importance for fertilizers. It is made on an industrial scale via the Haber Bosch process, which requires significant infrastructure to be in place such that ammonia is generally made in large, centralized facilities. If ammonia could be produced under less demanding conditions, then there would be the potential for smaller devices to be used t...

Despite more than a century of advances in catalyst and production plant design, the Haber-Bosch process for industrial ammonia (NH3) synthesis still requires energy-intensive high temperatures and pressures. We propose taking advantage of sunlight conversion into surface plasmon resonances in Au nanoparticles to enhance the rate of the N2 dissociation reaction, which is the bottleneck in NH3 p...

Industrial ammonia production mainly relies on the conventional Haber–Bosch process accompanied by high energy consumption and plentiful carbon dioxide emissions, which triggered recent interest to explore more energy‐efficient environmentally benign alternatives. Very recently, electrochemical nitrite reduction in an aqueous medium promises new opportunities for advanced, energy‐efficient, sus...

Ammonia is not only the most important chemical for fertilizer production, it has also gained much interest as a future hydrogen storage material. Besides well-known Haber–Bosch process to generate ammonia from elemental sources, new ways convert nitrogen into have been investigated in last decade decentralized including electrocatalytic and photocatalytic approaches. However, photocatalysis pa...

Synthetic ammonia, manufactured by the Haber–Bosch process and its variants, is key to securing global food security. Hydrogen most important feedstock for all synthetic ammonia processes. Renewable production relies on hydrogen generated water electrolysis using electricity from hydropower. This was used commercially as early 1921. In present work, we discuss how renewable subsequently emerged...

Nitrogen-based fertilizer production mainly involves the Haber-Bosch process, which synthesizes Ammonia via a chemical reaction of N2 from air and H2 under high temperature pressure conditions in presence catalyst. However, environmental concern for greenhouse gas emissions energy consumption triggers other Nitrogen fixation method development. The non-thermal plasma oxidation into Nitrate is p...

A conceptual design for a small-scale green ammonia plant is presented in which synthesis was realised via Haber-Bosch loop using hydrogen produced by solid oxide electrolyser and nitrogen purified from air with series of electrolyte oxygen pumps. The system operated an energetic efficiency 52.12%, very close to cryogenic ASU reference where 52.89% achieved. specific energy consumption 9.94 kWh...

Sustainable ammonia synthesis at ambient conditions that relies on renewable sources of energy and feedstocks is globally sought to replace the Haber–Bosch process. Here, using nitrogen water as raw materials, a nonthermal plasma catalysis approach demonstrated an effective power-to-chemicals conversion strategy for production. By sustaining highly reactive environment, successful plasma-cataly...

C onversion of dinitrogen to ammonia is required for all life. This conversion is accomplished by metalloenzymes on a scale of 108 tons year, a scale equivalent to that of the Haber–Bosch process (1) for making ammonia from dinitrogen and dihydrogen at high temperatures (350–550°C) and pressures [150–350 atmosphere (atm); 1 atm 101.3 kPa]. Although the benefit of crop rotation has been known fo...