One approach to the accurate determination of the pathogenic potential (pathotype) of isolated Escherichia coli strains would be through a complete assessment of each strain for the presence of all known E. coli virulence factors. To accomplish this, an E. coli virulence factor DNA microarray composed of 105 DNA PCR amplicons printed on glass slides and arranged in eight subarrays corresponding...

Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 ), a component of HIF-1, is expressed in human tumors and renders cells able to survive and grow under hypoxic (lowoxygen) conditions. YC-1, 3-(5 -hydroxymethyl-2 -furyl)-1benzylindazole, an agent developed for circulatory disorders that inhibits platelet aggregation and vascular contraction, inhibits HIF-1 activity in vitro. We tested whether...

This paper links the declining propensity of multinational firms to share ownership of their foreign operations to increasing returns to coordination associated with managing globalized operations. The paper isolates the characteristics associated with the decision to share ownership in international operations and then employs two exogenous shifts in the relative cost of sharing ownership to i...

Abstract The theory of international tax competition suggests that governments attempt to attract mobile capital bases by undercutting the foreign capital tax rate. An analysis of the role that state capacity plays in tax policymaking under international pressures is, however, missing. The central contribution of our study is to highlight the importance of the interaction between state capaci...

The article presents the experimental measurements of the amplitude of the moiré patterns in a digital autostereoscopic barrier-type 3D display across a wide angular range with a small increment. The period and orientation of the moiré patterns were also measured as functions of the angle. Simultaneous branches are observed and analyzed. The theoretical interpretation is also given. The results...

To the Editor: GeoSentinel, the global surveillance program of the International Society of Travel Medicine, recently reported that returning travelers may serve as sentinels for local outbreaks of dengue fever in tropical areas to which it is endemic (1). We investigated a case of dengue virus (DENV) type 3 (DENV-3) infection in a traveler returning to France from West Africa, which provided e...

We address two problems. In the first, we refine the analysis of a lower bound construction of a point set having many non-crossing spanning trees. We also give more precise upper bounds on the maximum number of non-crossing spanning trees, perfect matchings and simple polygons of a planar point set. In the second, we give an improved lower bound construction for the d-interval problem. 1 Non-c...