Post-entrapment modifications reduce the reliability of fluid inclusions to determine trapping conditions in rock. Processes that may modify fluid inclusion properties are experimentally identified in this study using synthetic fluid inclusions in quartz with a well-defined composition and density. Modifications are characterized with microthermometry (homogenization and dissolution temperature...

Short Abstract 3-Formylsalicylic acid (Hfsal) covalently bound to chloromethylated polystyrene (PS) cross-linked with 5% divinylbenzene reacts with DL-alanine and L-isoleucine to give the Schiff-base tridentate ligands PS-H2fsal-DL-Ala and PS-H2fsal-L-isoleu, respectively. These anchored ligands on reaction with VOSO4 and Cu(CH3COO)2.H2O form complexes PS-[VO(fsal-DL-Ala)(H2O)], PS-[Cu(fsal-DLA...

During a systematic study of monofluorophosphates, i.e., compounds comprising the tetrahedral anion PO3F2?, twelve, for most part new, were obtained from aqueous solutions. Crystal structure refinements based on single crystal X-ray diffraction data revealed previously unknown structures CdPO3F(H2O)2, Cr2(PO3F)3(H2O)18.8, Pb2(PO3F)Cl2(H2O), (NH4)2M(PO3F)2(H2O)2 (M = Mg, Mn, Co), NH4Cr(PO3F)2(H2...

An attempt was made to apply Mn-impregnated acrylic fiber to the collection of small amounts of Ra isotopes in natural waters. The Mn compound incorporated in this material was estimated to be KMn8O16•E H2O, which occurred naturally in Japan as cryptomelane. Collection by the Mn-impregnated acrylic fiber was effective in the pH region higher than 4 and the collecting efficiency was dependent on...

This paper experimentally explores how the enforcement of cooperative behavior in a social dilemma is facilitated through institutional as well as emotional mechanisms. Recent studies emphasize the importance of anger and its role in motivating individuals to punish free riders. However, we find that anger also triggers retaliatory behavior by the punished individuals. This makes the enforcemen...

Molecular dynamics computer simulations were performed for (H2O)n ~n512, 16, and 20! followed by systematic quenching under a polarizable and a nonpolarizable model to determine the minimum energy structures each favored. Ab initio calculations were done on several minima for ~H2O!12 to determine their relative energies. The polarizable model prefers cagelike structures for all cluster sizes, w...

We have prepared some 3d-4f cyanide-bridged Ln(DMF)4(H2O)3Fe(CN)6•H2O complexes (Ln = Ce, Sm, Nd, and Gd; DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) by substituting isotopes to H-substituted H2O and DMF and O-substituted H2O (and normal Hand O-H2O or H-DMF). We examined their crystal structures exhibiting negative thermal expansion and compared in view of hydrogen bonds and lanthanide contraction. Magnetic p...

Jet-cooled acetaminophen (AAP)-water clusters, AAP-(H2O)1, were investigated by mass-selected resonant two-photon ionization (R2PI), ultraviolet-ultraviolet hole-burning (UV-UV HB), infrared-dip (IR-dip), and infrared-ultraviolet hole-burning (IR-UV HB) spectroscopy. Each syn- and anti-AAP rotamer has three distinctive binding sites (-OH, >CO, and >NH) for a water molecule, thus 6 different AAP...