نتایج جستجو برای: h2ax gene

تعداد نتایج: 1142668  

Journal: :Current Biology 2004
Robert Shroff Ayelet Arbel-Eden Duane Pilch Grzegorz Ira William M. Bonner John H. Petrini James E. Haber Michael Lichten

BACKGROUND In response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), eukaryotic cells rapidly phosphorylate histone H2A isoform H2AX at a C-terminal serine (to form gamma-H2AX) and accumulate repair proteins at or near DSBs. To date, these events have been defined primarily at the resolution of light microscopes, and the relationship between gamma-H2AX formation and repair protein recruitment remains to ...

Journal: :The International journal of developmental biology 2013
Sara Di Siena Federica Campolo Pellegrino Rossi Emmanuele A Jannini Susanna Dolci Manuela Pellegrini

During meiosis, phosphorylation of H2AX is one of the earliest cellular responses to the generation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by the SPO11 topoisomerase. ATM is the kinase which mediates the formation of phosphorylated H2AX (H2AX) meiotic foci, while ATR is the kinase which signals chromosome asynapsis at the level of the XY bivalent. To investigate the possible role of ATR also in DN...

Journal: :The Journal of Cell Biology 2003
Oscar Fernandez-Capetillo Bodo Liebe Harry Scherthan André Nussenzweig

The histone H2A variant H2AX is phosphorylated in response to DNA double-strand breaks originating from diverse origins, including dysfunctional telomeres. Here, we show that normal mitotic telomere maintenance does not require H2AX. Moreover, H2AX is dispensable for the chromosome fusions arising from either critically shortened or deprotected telomeres. However, H2AX has an essential role in ...

2016
Midori Shimada Takahiro Goshima Hiromi Matsuo Yoshikazu Johmura Mayumi Haruta Kazuhiro Murata Hiromitsu Tanaka Masahito Ikawa Keiko Nakanishi Makoto Nakanishi

Proper deposition and activation of Aurora B at the centromere is critical for faithful chromosome segregation in mammals. However, the mechanistic basis for abrupt Aurora B kinase activation at the centromere has not yet been fully understood. We demonstrate here that Aurora B-mediated phosphorylation of histone H2AX at serine 121 (H2AX-pS121) promotes Aurora B autophosphorylation and is essen...

Journal: :Molecular cancer therapeutics 2009
Josée Guirouilh-Barbat Yong-Wei Zhang Yves Pommier

Brostallicin is a DNA minor groove binder in phase II clinical trials. Here, we show that brostallicin induces gamma-H2AX nuclear foci that colocalize with 53BP1 and are dependent on glutathione, as shown by inhibition of those gamma-H2AX foci by l-buthionine sulfoximine. To differentiate brostallicin from the clinically approved minor groove binder trabectedin (ecteinascidin 743), we tested wh...

Journal: :The Journal of biological chemistry 2001
S Burma B P Chen M Murphy A Kurimasa D J Chen

A very early step in the response of mammalian cells to DNA double-strand breaks is the phosphorylation of histone H2AX at serine 139 at the sites of DNA damage. Although the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases, DNA-PK (DNA-dependent protein kinase), ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated), and ATR (ATM and Rad3-related), have all been implicated in H2AX phosphorylation, the specific kinase involved has...

Journal: :The EMBO journal 2007
Massimo Bogliolo Alex Lyakhovich Elsa Callén Maria Castellà Enrico Cappelli María J Ramírez Amadeu Creus Ricard Marcos Reinhard Kalb Kornelia Neveling Detlev Schindler Jordi Surrallés

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a chromosome fragility syndrome characterized by bone marrow failure and cancer susceptibility. The central FA protein FANCD2 is known to relocate to chromatin upon DNA damage in a poorly understood process. Here, we have induced subnuclear accumulation of DNA damage to prove that histone H2AX is a novel component of the FA/BRCA pathway in response to stalled replication ...

2012
Aida Muslimović

Radiotherapy and some chemotherapeutic drugs kill cancer cells by induction of the extremely toxic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Measurements of the DSB response in patients during therapy could allow personalized dosing to improve tumor response and minimize side effects. DSBs induce a strong cellular response via phosphorylation of H2AX, P-H2AX and the formation of foci. P-H2AX can be meas...

2012
Dimitrios Matthaios Periklis G Foukas Maria Kefala Panagiotis Hountis Grigorios Trypsianis Ioannis G Panayiotides Ekaterini Chatzaki Ekaterini Pantelidaki Demosthenes Bouros Petros Karakitsos Stylianos Kakolyris

BACKGROUND Phosphorylation of the H2AX histone is an early indicator of DNA double-strand breaks and of the resulting DNA damage response. In the present study, we assessed the expression and prognostic significance of γ-H2AX in a cohort of 96 patients with operable non-small cell lung carcinoma. METHODS Ninety-six paraffin-embedded specimens of non-small cell lung cancer patients were examin...

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