BACKGROUND Non-intubated critically ill patients are often treated by high-flow oxygen for acute respiratory failure. There is no current recommendation for humidification of oxygen devices. METHODS We conducted a prospective randomized trial with a final crossover period to compare nasal airway caliber and respiratory comfort in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure receiving eit...

INTRODUCTION Description of a continuous hypertonic saline solution (HSS) infusion using a dose-adaptation of natremia in traumatic brain injured (TBI) patients with refractory intracranial hypertension (ICH). METHODS We performed a single-center retrospective study in a surgical intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital. Fifty consecutive TBI patients with refractory ICH treated with contin...

BACKGROUND Multimodal analgesia combining several non-opioid analgesics is recommended for pain control after surgery. In one study of total hip arthroplasty (THA), pain relief achieved by adding ketamine to the paracetamol-ketoprofen combination was statistically significant but remained inadequate in most patients. In two other studies, the analgesic effect of nefopam was synergistic with tha...

We solve the nonlinear income tax program for rank-dependent social welfare functions, expressing trade-off between size and inequality using Gini related families of positional indices. Absent bunching, ranks in actual optimal allocations are invariant. Exploiting this feature, we provide new, simple, intuitive formulas both quasilinear additive cases new comparative static results. Our approa...

We provide new evidence on business cycle fluctuations in skewed labor income risk the United States, Germany, Sweden, and France. document four results. First, all countries, skewness of individual growth is strongly procyclical, whereas its variance flat acyclical. Second, this result also holds for continuously employed, full-time workers, indicating that hours margin not main driver; additi...

Since 1982, all Alaskan residents have received a yearly cash dividend from the Alaska Permanent Fund. Using Current Population Survey and synthetic control method, this paper shows that had no effect on employment increased part-time work by 1.8 percentage points (17 percent). A calibration of microeconomic macroeconomic effects suggests empirical results are consistent with stimulating local ...

We study the geographic incidence and efficiency of an income tax by estimating a spatial equilibrium model with heterogeneous workers. The US shifts households out high-productivity cities, leading to locational inefficiency 0.25 percent output. Removing distortions increases inequality because more educated are mobile own larger shares land. Flattening schedule, or introducing cost-of-living ...

This paper estimates the effects of exogenous changes in income and consumption taxes. The tax shocks are proxied with a narrative account liability United Kingdom. Income cuts have large on GDP, private consumption, investment. modest not statistically significant GDP its components. Shifting burden taxation from to is expansionary. Consistent conventional public finance theories, these result...

We develop a model of political competition with endogenous turnout and platforms. Parties trade off incentivizing their supporters to vote discouraging the competing party from voting. show that latter objective is particularly pronounced for an edge in race. Thus, increase support may lead adoption policies favoring its opponents so as asymmetrically demobilize them. study implications econom...