The natural frequency is critical for evaluating the integrity of bridge piers. However, piers can vary with support condition ground. aim this study to investigate under different ground conditions and at embedded depths using a small-scale concrete pier. model were fixed asphalt pavement epoxy simulate rock site condition. Furthermore, installed in soil chamber dimensions 1.0 m × 0.5 weathere...

Successful application of a TBM in a project requires investigating both the ground conditions and the machine and backup system design features. Prediction of the machine performance is very important as it has a big effect on the duration of the project and the costs. In this respect, both penetration rate and advance rate must be estimated. Utilization factor, which depends on the type of op...

Reinforced concrete frame buildings with Open Ground Story (OGS) are one of the most common building configurations in urban habitat. These configurations are known to be vulnerable to seismic excitations, primarily due to the sudden loss in strength in the ground story and differential stiffness distribution throughout the structure. The differential stiffness distribution is attributed primar...