This experiment was conducted to determine the chemical composition and gross energy of poultry by product meal (PBPM) and the effects of different levels of inclusion of poultry by product meal on broiler chicken performance, serum uric acid and carcass characteristics. Three samples of PBPM produced in Ardabil province located in northwest of Iran, were provided during one month sampling peri...

BACKGROUND Measures of mechanical work may be useful in evaluating efficiency of walking during pregnancy. Various adaptations in the body during pregnancy lead to altered gait, consequently contributing to the total energy cost of walking. Measures of metabolic energy expenditure may not be reliable for measuring energetic cost of gait during pregnancy as pregnancy results in numerous metaboli...

The Gross-Pitaevski (GP) equation describing helium superfluids is extended to non-Riemannian spacetime background where torsion is shown to induce the splitting in the potential energy of the flow. A cylindrically symmetric solution for Minkowski background with constant torsion is obtained which shows that torsion induces a damping on the superfluid flow velocity. The Sagnac phase shift is co...

BACKGROUND Agriculture is a major contributor to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Cameroon, The South West region of Cameroon is known for its potential in the production of major agricultural commodities, but farmers' yields from various speculations are low, dwindling over time due to some major constraints. Maize production is hampered by adverse socio-economic factors, several pests and ...

Improving the accuracy of the measurements in building automation systems without increasing operational costs is an essential step if the overall comfort and energy efficiency of buildings are to be improved. Data reconciliation and gross error elimination have emerged as key techniques for reducing both random noise and gross errors on the outputs of sensors. This paper focuses on using actua...

BACKGROUND Micronutrient malnutrition is a public health problem in many developing countries. Its negative impact on income growth is recognized in principle, but there are widely varying estimates of the related economic cost. OBJECTIVE To discuss available studies that quantify the cost of micronutrient malnutrition, and to develop an alternative framework and apply it to India. METHODS ...

The explanation of obesity as a simple result of positive energy balance fails to account for the scope of variable responses to diets and lifestyles. It is postulated that individual physiological and anatomical variation may be responsible for developing obesity. Girls in poor families develop greater adiposity than their male siblings, a trend not present in richer environments. This indicat...

If it were to become apparent that dangerous changes in global climate were inevitable, despite greenhouse gas controls, active methods to cool the Earth on an emergency basis might be desirable. The concept considered here is to block 1.8% of the solar flux with a space sunshade orbited near the inner Lagrange point (L1), in-line between the Earth and sun. Following the work of J. Early [Early...

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising technology used for bioenergy conversion from bio-wastes such as sewage sludge, livestock manure, and food waste. To determine the optimum HTC reaction temperature in maximizing the gross energy recovery efficiency of poultry slaughterhouse sludge cake, a pilot-scale HTC reactor was designed and operated under reaction temperatures of 170, 180, 19...