Interpretation of the genetic composition and taxonomic history of wolves in the western Great Lakes region (WGLR) of the United States has long been debated and has become more important to their conservation given the recent changes in their status under the Endangered Species Act. Currently, the two competing hypotheses on WGLR wolves are that they resulted from hybridization between (i) gre...

The grey hamster has been used in biomedical research for decades. However, effective molecular methods for evaluating the genetic structure of this species are lacking, which hinders its wider usage. In this study, we employed cross-amplification of microsatellite loci of species within the same genus by polymerase chain reaction. Loci screened included 107 from the Mongolian gerbil (MG) and 6...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a grey linear control system for regulating the price of China’s real estate and provide the necessary support to assist the relevant management departments with their policy making. Design/methodology/approach – A grey state equation of the real estate market price that can reflect both the market supply-demand price mechanism and the productio...

Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranding in large numbers around the southern North Sea with fatal, sharp-edged mutilations have spurred controversy among scientists, the fishing industry and conservationists, whose views about the likely cause differ. The recent detection of grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) DNA in bite marks on three mutilated harbour porpoises, as well as direct observat...

Multiple attribute decision making is important in many decision making contexts where tradeoffs are involved. The use of qualitative input has proven especially attractive, allowing subjective inputs to be used. However, such systems inherently involve uncertainty with respect to parameter inputs, especially when multiple decision makers are involved. This paper presents the method of grey rel...

The environment in which the decision-making process takes place is often characterized by uncertainty and vagueness and, because of that, sometimes it very hard to express criteria weights with crisp numbers. Therefore, application Grey System Theory, i.e., grey numbers, this case, convenient when comes determination partially known information. Besides, have a significant role multiple proces...

The classic dynamic decision making methods mainly focus on aggregating the existing attribute values, not considering the development trend of alternatives through the whole period. Both the two aspects should be taken into account for reflecting the dynamic nature comprehensively. This paper is to present a dynamic grey target method from a new viewpoint, where the attribute values take the f...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that as there is growing evidence that corpora amylacea, or amyloid bodies, in the CNS are derived primarily from neurons, it might be expected that their numbers in the spinal cord would decline with loss of neurons in motor neuron degeneration as they do in the retina on destruction of ganglion cells by glaucoma. METHODS The numbers of corpora amylacea were ...