Agent based modeling and simulation consider the behavior of agents acting in a system. The agents' interactions result in changing the agent’s behavior, the whole agent based system, and its environment. In this study, the manufacturing, sale, and receiving orders behaviors pertinent to manufacturing and sale agents acting across a pharmaceutical supply chain of an Iranian manufacturing medici...

Many supply chain problems involve optimization of various conflicting objectives. This paper formulates a green supply chain network throughout a two-stage mixed integer linear problem with uncertain demand and stochastic environmental respects level. The first objective function of the proposed model considers minimization of supply chain costs while the second objective function minimizes CO...

The supply chain consists of those activities associated with manufacturing from raw material acquisition to final product delivery. Because of the recently changed environmental requirements that affect manufacturing operations and transportation systems, growing attention is given to the development of environment management strategies for supply chains. A green supply chain aims at confining...

Agent based modeling and simulation consider the behavior of agents acting in a system. The agents' interactions result in changing the agent’s behavior, the whole agent based system, and its environment. In this study, the manufacturing, sale, and receiving orders behaviors pertinent to manufacturing and sale agents acting across a pharmaceutical supply chain of an Iranian manufacturing medici...

Nowadays, researches pay more attention to environmental concerns consisted of various communities. This study proposes a multi-echelon, multi-period closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). A comprehensive model considers the selection of selection of technology and environmental effects. The supply chain is under a build-to-order (BTO) environment. So, there is not a final product inventory. Also, th...

This paper designs a mathematical model for supply chain network design problem including plants, distributors and customers in fuzzy environment. Each plant and distributor has several levels capacities. A multi-mode demand strategy is considered for the customers where only one of the modes is to be selected for each customer. Considering the acceptance degree of fuzzy constraints violated, a...

Green Supply Chain Management can be defined as “integrating environment thinking into supply chain management, including product design, material sourcing and selection, manufacturing process, delivery of the final product to the consumers, and end-of-life management of the product after its useful life.” These days people are more concerned of the world’s environmental problems such as global...

Nowadays stakeholders and public awareness have increased the pressure on companies for environmental issues. Thus, green supply chain management (GSCM) seems vital for companies' environmental compliance and business growth. Companies continuously seek novel ideas and methods, that can enable them to obtain and/or maintain environmental sustainability. Greening the supply chain is one such...

in the emerging supply chain environment, green supply chain risk management plays a significant role than ever. risk is an inherent uncertainty and has tendency to disrupt the typical green supply chain management (gscm) operations and eventually reduce the success rate of industries. in order to mitigate the consequences, a fuzzy multi-criteria group decision making modeling (fmcgdm) which co...

Despite the increased amount of attention to developing lean and green supply chains, there is a lack of comprehensive frameworks and a shortage of information on how to integrate environmental initiatives and lean techniques into supply chain functions. This has mainly occurred as a result of four challenges: conceptual, technical, operational, and measurement. To face these challenges, a prac...