Reusable silica supported perchloric acid and potassium bisulphate have been prepared and explored as green catalysts for thiocyanation of aromatic compounds under conventional and solvent free microwave assisted conditions. The microwave assisted protocol exhibited remarkable rate accelerations and offered selective thiocyanation of aromatic and hetero aromatic compounds in good yields. Reacti...

In this research, a green, operationally simple, highly efficient and facile cascade Biginelli reaction using various aromatic aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and urea/thiourea has been developed. First, the ionic liquid was prepared from the reaction of 1-methyl-2-pyrolidone with methane sulfonic acid. Then, this ionic liquid was applied as an acidic catalyst in the synthesis of dihydropyrimidi...

At Asiacrypt 2009, Kurosawa and Nojima showed a fully simulatable adaptive oblivious transfer (OT) protocol under the DDH assumption in the standard model. However, Green and Hohenberger pointed out that the communication cost of each transfer phase is O(n), where n is the number of the sender’s messages. In this paper, we show that the cost can be reduced to O(1) by utilizing a verifiable shuf...

A simple protocol, involving the green synthesis for the construction of novel bis-pyrimidine derivatives, 3a-i and 4a-e are accomplished by the aqueous diethylamine media promoted tandem Aldol-Michael reaction between two molecules of barbituric acid derivatives 1a,b with various aldehydes. This efficient synthetic protocol using an economic and environmentally friendly reaction media with ver...

Nano silica sulfuric acid as a solid acid, was described to be an effective catalyst for one-pot three-component reaction of kojic acid, aryl aldehydes and indoles for the preparation of 2-substituted aryl (indolyl) kojic acid derivatives. The catalyst was prepared by combination of chlorosulfonic acid to nano silica gel. The size of nanoparticles were observed with SEM.All prepared compounds w...

Energy efficiency is an important aspect of green computing. In order to achieve green computing in service discovery protocols for MANETs, it is essential for researchers to investigate energy efficiency mechanisms able to prevent collisions and interferences, which both represent a waste of channel bandwidth and energy. In this paper, we propose a service discovery protocol that applies a dat...

Bio-electrosprays are rapidly emerging as a viable protocol for directly engineering living cells. This communication reports the bio-electrospraying of multicellular organisms, namely zebrafish embryos. The results demonstrate that the bio-electrospray protocol fails to induce any embryological perturbations. In addition to analysing overall embryo morphology, we use transgenic embryos that ex...

Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (Gibberella zeae Schwein. Petch.) and F. culmorum W.G. Smith are major mycotoxin producers in small-grain cereals afflicted with Fusarium head blight (FHB). Real-time PCR (qPCR) is the method of choice for species-specific, quantitative estimation of fungal biomass in plant tissue. We demonstrated that increasing the amount of plant material used for DNA extraction ...