The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is a widespread brood parasite which often engages in a commensalistic feeding relationship with domestic livestock. We studied the behavior of female cowbirds breeding in pinyon–juniper woodlands in New Mexico, USA, on two adjacent sites, one an active cattle ranch, and the other a site that was not grazed by domestic livestock throughout the songbird ...

Abstract Herbivorous fish can increase coral growth and survival by grazing down algal competitors. With reefs in global decline, maintaining adequate herbivory has become a primary goal for many managers. However, herbivore biomass targets assume behavior is consistent across different reef systems, even though relatively few have been studied. We document of two scarid species Antigua, Barbud...

This study focused on confirming the grazing selectivity of sheep, more and less selective, in pasture New Zealand, under two different phenological stages forage. Two experiments were conducted: 1) Comparison selective non-selective sheep irrigated with perennial ryegrass white clover. 2) A comparison was performed a high rate senescence composed ryegrass, barley barnyard grass. The botanical ...

We show that a higher vertebrate can graze surficial intertidal biofilm, previously only considered a food source for rasping invertebrates and a few specialized fish. Using evidence from video recordings, stomach contents, and stable isotopes, we describe for the first time the grazing behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) and estimate that biofilm accounts for 45-59% of their total ...