this study was carried out to assess the effects of alfalfa hay level and replacing corn grain by other grains in starter on daily feed intake, average daily gain (adg) and feed efficiency (fe) of pre and post-weaning dairy calves during the pre and post-weaning periods. for this purpose, a database meta-analysis used in the present study. statistical analyses were performed using proc mixed in...

A study was conducted to evaluate effects of age at weaning on various growth characteristics and stress measures of Zandi lambs. The lambs were weaned at 45 and 90 days of age. The body weights and average daily gain (ADG) were monitored during the experimental period and 5 months of age. Cortisol, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lamb behavior (agitation, vocalization) were recorded bef...

Introduction  Mechanical ventilation may be lifesaving intervention,It can be associated with complications,Thus,successful weaning is constitutive.One of the factors which is  important in successful weaning is  method of weaning. It is shown that  weaning is conducted successfully by using Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT) through T-piece and pressure support (PS) ventilation.But few studies ...

Since 1975, northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) numbers at the Pribilof Islands (PI) in the Bering Sea have declined rapidly for unknown reasons. Migratory dispersal and habitat choice may affect first-year survivorship, thereby contributing to this decline. We compared migratory behaviour of 166 naive pups during 2 years from islands with disparate population trends (increasing: Bogoslof a...

Breastfeeding is associated with reduced risks of gastrointestinal and intestinal infections, and of mortality due to those infections. 1,2 The protective effect is stronger against gastrointestinal infection than against respiratory infection, and in developing than in developed countries for both types of infection, and increases with the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding. The magnitu...

Cow size has been suggested to be an important consideration for selecting cattle to match their production environment. Over the last several decades, the trend in genetic selection for maximum growth has led to gradual increases in beef cow size. An unrelated trend during this same period in the western United States has been an increase in temperature, drought frequency, and drought severity...

1 Characteristic 0 We start with a basic question: given a polynomial f ∈ C[z1, · · · , zn] with a singularity at 0, how can we measure the “singularness” of this polynomial in a precise way? In other words: we can look at various singularities and see intuitively that some singularities are worse than others. For instance, it feels like a transverse self-intersection is probably not as bad as ...

We determined the impact of creep feed provision and type on pre- post-weaning growth performance piglets. At 2 wk post farrow, litters (n = 50) were given no or provided a simple feed, complex both until weaning at ∼28 d. Creep regardless type, resulted in increased (P < 0.05) piglets final week pre-weaning immediate post-weaning, which was not maintained end nursery period. Piglets showed ...