in 2000, an evaluation of iranian elementary education revealed that it did not successfully prepare students for the future. the failure was attributed to the teacher centered, content-oriented education system. in 2001, the iranian ministry of education began a pilot project that introduced an alternative curriculum, known as “global education,” with unicef’s participation. global education, ...

I study how the general and specific details of a micro founded monetary framework affect the determination of policy when the government has limited commitment. The conduct of policy depends on the interaction between the incentive to smooth distortions intertemporally and a time-consistency problem. In equilibrium, fiscal and monetary policies are distortionary, but long-run policy is not aff...

This commentary discusses the interesting and surprising findings by Hagen and colleagues, focusing on the role of the public health coordinator as a Health in All Policies (HiAP) tool. The original article finds a negative association between the employment of public health coordinators in Norwegian municipalities and consideration of a fair distribution of social and economic resources betwee...

the failure rate of small manufacturing firms in many countries is the main concern of policy makers, decision makers, and economists. many scholars in this context undertook numerous studies related to success of entrepreneurs, taking into account important factors such as organizational factors and personal qualities on their success. however, the present study attempts to investigate role of...

Originally, the market failure concept was used only as a normative concept to define appropriate situations for government intervention in markets. As it matured, the market failure concept took on an additional characteristic— that of a diagnostic tool by which policymakers learned how to objectively determine the exact scope and type of intervention. Joseph Farrell suggests: “The welfare the...