Background: It has not been determined conclusively whether greater knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is associated with lower rates of STIs. Purpose: This study sought to determine STI knowledge among high school students and factors associated with such knowledge, and to determine whether poor STI knowledge is associated with chlamydia or gonorrhea infection. Methods: Studen...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological data of genital chlamydia and gonorrhea, required to inform design and implementation of control programs, are limited for rural Africa. There are no data on the prevalence of rectal or pharyngeal infections among African women. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 604 adult women visiting 25 primary health care facilities in rural South Africa was conducted. Vaginal,...

Identifying how social determinants of health (SDH) influence the burden of disease in communities and populations is critically important to determine how to target public health interventions and move toward health equity. A holistic approach to disease prevention involves understanding the combined effects of individual, social, health system, and environmental determinants on geographic are...

Rectal gonorrhea cases among males remained stable in San Francisco during 2005-2008, but rectal chlamydia increased 38 percent. While testing increased, rectal gonorrhea positivity declined at the STD clinic, and both infections remained stable elsewhere. Sentinel surveillance provides a better understanding of disease trends than case reporting alone.

* Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq. Introduction disseminated gonococcal infection which presents with arthralgias, tenosynovitis, or arthritis and rush. Gonorrhea control strategies have relied on the use of highly effective and often single dose therapy administered at the time of diagnosis. The appearance and subsequent increased inciden...

BACKGROUND The association between gonorrhea and prostate cancer risk has been investigated widely, but the results remain inconsistent and contradictory. We conducted an updated meta-analysis to obtain a more precise estimate of this association. MATERIAL AND METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for papers up to June 2014 to identify eligible studies. Pooled odds ra...

BACKGROUND Expedited partner therapy (EPT), the practice of treating the sex partners of persons with sexually transmitted infections without their medical evaluation, increases partner treatment and decreases gonorrhea and chlamydia reinfection rates. We conducted a stepped-wedge, community-level randomized trial to determine whether a public health intervention promoting EPT could increase it...

BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men with HIV have high sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence. Thus, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends at least yearly STI screening of HIV-infected individuals. METHODS We calculated testing rates for syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea among HIV-positive Californians with Medicare or Medicaid insurance in 2010. Logistic r...

A retrospective case-control study, published online in The Lancet on July 10, 2017, reported that MeNZB–a group B meningococcal vaccine– was effective for preventing gonorrhea acquisition. The vaccine was administered to about 1 million adolescents in New Zealand between 2004 and 2006, and gonorrhea cases fell 31% in those vaccinated compared to unvaccinated controls. The exact mechanisms by w...

BACKGROUND Evolving health priorities and resource constraints mean that countries require data on sexually transmitted infections (STI) trends to inform program planning and resource allocation. METHODS The Spectrum modeling tool estimated prevalence and incidence of gonorrhea and chlamydia in Morocco's 15- to 49-year-old population, based on prevalence surveys. Incident cases, broken down b...