Let G be a finite cover of a closed connected transpose-stable subgroup of GL(n,R) with complexified Lie algebra g. Let K be a maximal compact subgroup of G, and assume that G and K have equal rank. We prove a translation principle for the Dirac index of virtual (g,K)-modules. As a byproduct, to each coherent family of such modules, we attach a polynomial on the dual of the compact Cartan subal...