Evidence suggests that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 gnyRDBHAL cluster, which is involved in acyclic isoprenoid degradation (A. L. Díaz-Pérez, N. A. Zavala-Hernández, C. Cervantes, and J. Campos-García, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70:5102-5110, 2004), corresponds to the liuRABCDE cluster (B. Hoschle, V. Gnau, and D. Jendrossek, Microbiology 151:3649-3656, 2005). A liu (leucine and isovalerate u...

The enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase is the key enzyme of the mevalonate pathway that produces cholesterol. Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase reduces cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver. Synthetic drugs, statins, are commonly used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Due to the side effects of statins, natural HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors of plant origin a...

Several screening methods were developed for the selection of Pseudomonas strains capable of hydrolyzing glutaryl-7-aminocephalosporanic acid to 7-aminocephalosporanic acid. An isolate exhibiting high acylase activity, designated BL072, was identified as a strain of Pseudomonas diminuta. It grew optimally at pH 7 to 8 and at a temperature of 32 to 40 degrees C, but acylase activity was highest ...

Protein phosphatase C was purified 1500-fold from rat liver by a six-step procedure including a fractionation step with 80% ethanol at room temperature and two successive chromatographic separations on DEAESephadex. This preparation restored hydrox~ethyl glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase activity in liver microsomes pretreated with MgATP and also inactivated HMG-CoA reductase kinase. The relativ...

Insulin resistance (IR) is the common basis of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, its development closely associated with lipid metabolism disorder. Flavonoids have definite chemical defense effects, including anti-inflammatory anticancer antimutation effects. However, function mechanism apigenin (AP, a kind flavonoid) in IR are still unclear. In our study, intracellular fat accumulation mod...

Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, such as simvastatin, lower circulating cholesterol levels and prevent myocardial infarction. Several studies have shown an unexpected effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on inflammation. Here, we confirm that simvastatin is anti-inflammatory by using a classic model of inflammation: carrageenan-induced foot pad edema. Simvast...

Colorectal cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States. Although it is preventable, thousands of lives are lost each year in the U.S. to colorectal cancer than to breast cancer and AIDS combined. In colon cancer, the formation and progression of precancerous lesions like aberrant crypt foci and polyps is associated with the up-regulation of cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2),...

a clinical presentation of a metabolic disorder, often first seen in infants who present with poor feeding, vomiting, tachypnea, acidosis, hyperammonemia, ketosis, ketonuria, irritability, and convulsions or hypotonia and lethargy, findings that are otherwise suggestive of neonatal sepsis diseases with oa isovaleric and propionic acidemias, maple syrup urine disease, medium chain acyl dehydroge...