Cultured human myotubes have a low mitochondrial oxidative potential. This study aims to remodel energy metabolism in myotubes by replacing glucose with galactose during growth and differentiation to ultimately examine the consequences for fatty acid and glucose metabolism. Exposure to galactose showed an increased [(14)C]oleic acid oxidation, whereas cellular uptake of oleic acid uptake was un...

S. cerevisiae senses glucose and galactose differently. Glucose is detected through sensors that reside in the cellular plasma membrane. When activated, the sensors initiate a signal-transduction cascade that ultimately inactivates the Rgt1 transcriptional repressor by causing degradation of its corepressors Mth1 and Std1. This results in the expression of many HXT genes encoding glucose transp...

Adhya, Sankar (University of Wisconsin, Madison), and Harrison Echols. Glucose effect and the galactose enzymes of Escherichia coli: correlation between glucose inhibition of induction and inducer transport. J. Bacteriol. 92:601-608. 1966.-The inhibitory effect of glucose on the induction of the enzymes required for galactose utilization ("glucose effect") was studied in Escherichia coli. Exper...

Galactose inhibited auxin-induced cell elongation of oat coleoptiles but not that of azuki bean stems. Galactose decreased the level of UDP-glucose in oat coleoptiles but not in azuki bean hypocotyls. Glucose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase activity (EC 2.7.7.9), in a crude extract from oat coleoptiles, was competitively inhibited by galactose-1-phosphate, but that enzyme from azuki bean was not....

Inhibiting sodium-dependent glucose transporters (SGLTs) has been proposed as a new therapy for the treatment of diabetes [1]. SGLT2 as the most prominent member of this family is mainly expressed in the kidney and responsible for the reabsorption of the vast majority of the filtered glucose. This key role in the blood glucose homeostasis makes SGLT2 a promising target which has been clearly un...

Galactose is one of the monosaccharides of importance in human nutrition. It is converted to glucose-1-phosphate in the liver and subsequently stored as glycogen, or is converted to glucose and released into the circulation. The increase in plasma glucose is known to be modest following galactose ingestion. Whether this is due to a small increase in hepatic glucose output, or to a relatively la...

introduction chronic diarrhea of infancy is a heterogeneous syndrome that includes several diseases with different etiologies. the aim of this study was investigating chronic diarrhea, its etiologies, clinical features and outcomes in infancy.materials and methods retrospective study investigating infants hospitalized in the gastroenterology department of tehran tertiary care center.the main de...

The effect of increased glycogenolysis, simulated by galactose's conversion to glucose, on the contribution of gluconeogenesis (GNG) to hepatic glucose production (GP) was determined. The conversion of galactose to glucose is by the same pathway as glycogen's conversion to glucose, i.e., glucose 1-phosphate --> glucose 6-phosphate --> glucose. Healthy men (n = 7) were fasted for 44 h. At 40 h, ...

Previous studies highlighted Brettanomyces claussenii as a versatile yeast that produces ethanol or acetic acid from lactose, selectively metabolizes glucose while leaving behind galactose, depending on different operational conditions. This flexibility enables the production of galactose-rich bioproducts liquid dairy residues. The purpose this study is to: (i) optimize anaerobic fermentation m...

Topper and Stetten (1) fed n-galactose-l-Cl4 by stomach tube to fasted rats and isolated glucose from the liver glycogen. About 90 per cent of the Cl4 was in C-l of the glucose unit of glycogen. They concluded that a direct epimerization of carbon 4 of the n-galactose occurred rather than a rupture of the carbon skeleton (1). However, any mechanism which removed C-l and which formed glycogen fr...