The purified capsids of echovirus I2 were found to contain radioactivity when radioactive glucosamine was provided for virus-infected cultures. Radioactivity was identified with glucosamine, after recovery from the virus particles by acid hydrolysis and paper chromatography. Although the label was not removable from the isolated virus particles without destruction of virus, polyacrylamide gel e...

The burden of musculoskeletal disease has increased significantly to become the second leading cause YLD (years life with disability). Osteoarthritis (OA) therapy that is often given ibuprofen (NSAID) give side effects. Therefore, it necessary conduct a literature review explore evidence how much potential these materials have for treating OA. was conducted on four databases, e.g., Pubmed, Scop...

Glucosamine in its acetylated form is a natural constituent of some glycosaminoglycans (for example, hyaluronic acid and keratan sulfate) in the proteoglycans found in articular cartilage, intervertebral disc and synovial fluid. Glucosamine can be extracted and stabilized by chemical modification and used as a drug or a nutraceutical. It has been approved for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA...

Glucosamine is known to be a constituent of the numerous mucocomplexes in man. These serve many important functions in the form of intercellular components, cementing substances, lubricants in joint and ocular fluids, and as aids to intestinal motility in the form of mucins of the alimentary tract. However, apart from a few very incomplete early reports on the fate of glucosamine in biological ...

A new fluorescent chemical sensor for glucosamine is reported. The sensor is based on a boronic acid-containing coumarin aldehyde and shows excellent selectivity for glucosamine by forming a boronic ester with the sugar diol as well as an iminium ion with the amine group of glucosamine. The sensor successfully discriminates glucosamine over other similar biomolecules in terms of both fluorescen...

The hypothesis that there is impaired endogenous synthesis of glucosamine 6-phosphate in Huntington's-chorea fibroblasts was tested by double labelling matched pairs of fibroblasts in culture with carrier-free H3 32PO4 and [U-14C]glucosamine. The [32P]UDP-N-acetyl[14C]glucosamine and [14C]glucosamine 6-[32P]phosphate of the cellular soluble fraction was isolated by charcoal column and paper chr...

Proteoglycan synthesis is dependent on N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) produced by the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway or obtained exogenously. Although used therapeutically to relieve symptoms of osteoarthritis, the actions of glucosamine and its analogs on cartilage are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects on chondrocytes of N-acylated-glucosamine analogs be...

Cellobiose phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.20, CBP) catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of cellobiose to α-D-glucose 1-phosphate (Glc1P) and d-glucose. Cys485, Tyr648, and Glu653 of CBP from Ruminococcus albus, situated at the +1 subsite, were mutated to modulate acceptor specificity. C485A, Y648F, and Y648V were active enough for analysis. Their acceptor specificities were compared with the wild t...

We have shown that, in the perfused heart, glucosamine improved functional recovery following ischemia and that this appeared to be mediated via an increase in O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) levels on nucleocytoplasmic proteins. Several kinase pathways, specifically Akt and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38 and ERK1/2, which have been implicated in ischemic cardioprotec...

One of the few naturally occurring acetyl derivatives in the animal body is that of glucosamine. It is well known that glucosamine is present in a large number of polysaccharides in many organisms and almost always is present there in acetylated form. During studies in this laboratory on the acetylation reaction, we, therefore, became interested in the possibility of carrying out an enzymatic a...