In recent years, the photovoltaic (PV) system was designed to supply solar power through arrays. The PV generator exhibits nonlinear voltage–current characteristics and its maximum point tracking (MPPT), which varies with temperature radiation. event of non-uniform insolation, several multiple points (MPPs) appear in power–voltage characteristic module. Thus, a hybrid combination binary particl...

Humans are unable to synthesize l-ascorbic acid (AsA), yet it is required as a cofactor in many critical biochemical reactions. The majority of human dietary AsA is obtained from plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMPP), VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE1 (VTC1), catalyzes a rate-limiting step in AsA synthesis: the formation of GDP-Man. In this study, we identified two nucleoti...

One of the main problems in wind energy conversion system (WECS) is how to achieve maxim‌u‌m output power in different wind speeds. Maximum methods for maximum power point tracking in wind energy conversion syst‌e‌ms require the knowledge of system characteristics and mechanic sensors. So, using these methods practically will follow with high price and an abundant difficulties. In this pape...

The need for renewable energy resources is ever-increasing due to the concern environmental issues associated with fossil fuels. Low-cost high-power-density manufacturing techniques thermoelectric generators (TEG) have added technoeconomic feasibility of TEG systems as an effective power generation system in heat recovery, cooling, electricity, and engine-efficiency applications. environment-de...

One of the main problems in wind energy conversion system (WECS) is how to achieve maxim­u­m output power in different wind speeds. Maximum methods for maximum power point tracking in wind energy conversion syst­e­ms require the knowledge of system characteristics and mechanic sensors. So, using these methods practically will follow with high price and an abundant difficulties. In this pape...

A critical advancement in solar photovoltaic (PV) establishment has led to robust acceleration towards the evolution of new MPPT techniques. The sun-oriented PV framework a non-linear characteristic varying climatic conditions, which considerably impact yield. Furthermore, partial shading condition (PSC) causes major problems, such as drop output power yield and multiple peaks P–V attribute. He...

GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMPP) catalyses the synthesis of GDP-mannose, which is the precursor for the mannose residues in glycoconjugates, using mannose 1-phosphate and GTP as substrates. Repression of GMPP in yeast leads to phenotypes including cell lysis, defective cell wall, and failure of polarized growth and cell separation. Although several GMPPs have been isolated and characterized...

The power-voltage (P-V) characteristic curve of the centralized thermoelectric generation (TEG) system under nonuniform temperature distribution (NTD) exhibits multiple extreme point characteristics, and traditional maximum power tracking (MPPT) algorithm is prone to fall into local (LMPP) takes a long time track. This paper designs BP-IPSO based on back propagation neural network (BPNN) improv...

The interest in distributed maximum power point tracking increases along with increasing deployment of photovoltaic generators and the constant pressure to reduce the cost of photovoltaic generated energy. Distributed maximum point tracking facilitates a significant boost of captured photovoltaic power. In this paper we compare different distributed maximum power point architectures, and catego...